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Volume-4 (2005);
Issue 3 (Jul-Sep) Published on Nov 30, 2005
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2005;3-1
Editorial |
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Bhat RM.
Serological Tests Of Syphilis In HIV Infection |
Abstract:
Serological tests for syphilis may show varying results in
association with HIV infection.Thus care should be taken to interpret these
results..
Key words: Serological test, Syphilis, HIV |
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This Article |
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2005;3-2
Original Article |
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Viroj Wiwanitkit. Biological false reactive VDRL test among the HIV-infected patients: A note on
its prevalence |
Abstract:
Presently, the screening of syphilis is dependent mainly on serological tests.
In the sexually transmitted disease clinic, syphilis serology is a basic screening
test.
The results VDRL test among of 150 HIV (82 males, 68 females) infected,
regardless to immune status (CD4+ count), were studied. It was found that in 2
cases, the VDRL was biologically false reactive (VDRL positive, TPHA negative), who
had CD4+ count >200 /mL, giving the incidence rate equal to 1.3 % (1.2 %
for male and 1.5 % for female).
Key words: HIV, Syphilis, VDRL,
False positive |
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This Article |
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2005;3-3
Original Article |
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Okoli CI, Chah KF, Ozoh PTE, Udedibie ABI.
Anti Microbial Resistance Profile of E. coli isolates From Tropical Free Range Chickens |
Abstract:
Normal intestinal flora of humans and animals constitute enormous reservoir
of resistance genes for potentially pathogenic bacteria and may serve as major
indictors of selection pressure exerted by anti-microbial use in a given population.
A study was conducted in September 2003 at 3 purposively selected peri-urban
sites spread across 3 senatorial zones of Imo state, Nigeria to determines the
anti-microbial resistance profile of commensal E. coli isolated from free range
chickens. The isolates were screened for anti-microbial resistance profile against
10 antibiotics using the disc diffusion method. E. coli strains from local fowls,
recorded 100 and 78.9% resistances against ampicillin and cotrimoxazole respectively,
while resistance rates against ciprofloxacin, gentamycin and norfloxacin were
0.0, 5.3 and 5.3% respectively. Isolates from free-range cockerels recorded
100% resistance against norfloxacin, cotrimoxazole and ampicillin and 83.3%
against nitrofurantoin. Similarly, isolates from old layers, recorded 100% resistance
against nitrofurantoin, cotrimoxazole, tetracycline, chloramphenicol and ampicillin
and 80% against nalidixic acid. Similar resistance trends were observed in E.
coli isolates from free-range turkeys and broiler roosters against the inexpensive
broad-spectrum first line antibiotics (ampicillin, nalidixic acid, cotrimoxazole,
nitrofurantoin and chloramphenicol), although values varied slightly across
poultry types. Resistances against gentamycin were consistently low in isolates
from the different types of poultry. Twenty-nine resistance patterns were observed
in the E. coli isolates with predominant patterns being distributed widely across
poultry types indicating a striking diversity of resistance patterns in the
areas.
Key words: E. coli, Anti-microbial resistance, Local fowl, Turkey, Roosters,
Cockerels, Nigeria |
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This Article |
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2005;3-4
Short Communic-ation |
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Omalu ICJ, Yako AB, Duhlinska DD, Anyanwu GI, Pam VA, Inyama PU.
First detection of intestinal microsporidia in Northern Nigeria |
Abstract:
Microsporidia are intracellular spore-forming protozoa that are increasingly
being recognized as pathogens in humans.
Faecal samples were taken from 2250 HIV/AIDS and 1050 HIV-negative patients
from Kano and Makurdi in Northern Nigeria, and were investigated for microsporidial
infections by Giemsa staining technique (Light microscopy). In Kano, Enterocytozoon
bienuesi was detected in 8 (14.17%) and Encephalitozoon intestinalis in 5 (2.60%)
out of 192 HIV/AIDS patients screened. A mixed infection of both 0.52% was observed.
Results from Makurdi showed that Enterocytozoon bienuesi was detected in 13
(0.65%) and Encephalitozoon intestinalis in 96 (4.78%) out of 2008 HIV/AIDS
patients examined. No mixed infection was observed. Microsporidial spores were
not found in 1050 HIV-negative patients screened from both areas. There was
a significant difference (X2, p<0.05) in infection rates between the HIV/AIDS
and HIV-negative patients. This study aimed at detecting the prevalence of intestinal
microsporidia to provide baseline data on the status of this disease in Nigeria.
Detection of Microsporidia in Immuno-compromised patients has not been described
previously in this area..
Key words: Enterocytozoon bienuesi, Encephalitozoon intestinalis, Microsporidial
infections |
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This Article |
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