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Volume-5 (2006);
Issue 1 (Jan-Mar) Published on Jul 8, 2006
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2006;1-1
Editorial |
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Kakkilaya BS.
Insulin Resistance: From theory to practice. |
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Abstract:
Insulin resistance is at the core of the well recognised metabolic syndrome and possibly many other
ailments commonly seen in the modern society. While the quantification of insulin resistance remains a difficult
task, the problems associated with it are increasing in epidemic proportions. Need of the hour therefore is to develop concise dietary and pharmacological guidelines for
for prevention and management of insulin resistance
Key words: Insulin resistance, Diseases of civilization,
Diet |
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This Article |
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2006;1-2
Original Article |
Hettihawa LM, Palangasinghe S, Jayasinghe SS, Gunasekara SW, Weerarathna TP.
Comparison of insulin resistance by indirect
methods - HOMA, QUICKI and McAuley - with fasting insulin in patients with type
2 diabetes in Galle, Sri Lanka: A pilot study. |
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Abstract:
Background:
To investigate importance of fasting insulin (FI) as a diagnostic test
for insulin resistance (IR) and to compare with other standard methods
McAuley (McA), HOMA and QUICKI indices in Diabetes Mellitus (DM).
Method:
42 diabetic patients who have been already diagnosed were used in our
study. They were investigated for fasting blood glucose (FBS), FI, LDL,
Triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and HDL levels. IR was calculated
by McA, HOMA, QUICKI indices and by FI.
Results:
81% of patients were insulin resistant by McA and FI in our study group.
93% were detected as insulin resistant by HOMA and QUICKI. IR
by FI was further compared with HOMA and QUICKI and 81% of patients
were found to be insulin resistant by FI, HOMA and QUICKI. Results showed
that there was a significant correlation between FI and McA in expressing
IR in our study group (p <0.01, r = -0.849). Further, FI had a statistically
significant correlation with HOMA and QUICKI indices (p <0.01, r
= 0.906 and p <0.01 r = -0.822 respectively).
Conclusion:
FI measurement alone in diabetic patients has detected IR in 81% of
patients, similar to the other standard methods (McA; 81%, HOMA and
QUICKI; 93%). We further identified that FI as a diagnostic test of
IR had substantial correlation with McA. Our results recommend
further studies to see the possibility of taking fasting insulin to
determine IR in type 2 diabetic population
Key words: Insulin resistance,
McAuley index, HOMA index, QUICKI index, Fasting insulin, Type 2
diabetes mellitus. |
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This Article |
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2006;1-3
Original Article |
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Okoli IC. Anti-Microbial
Resistance Profiles Of E. Coli Isolated From Free Range Chickens In Urban And
Rural Environments Of Imo State, Nigeria |
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Abstract:
Information on the
resistance profiles of normal intestinal flora of extensively reared chickens
that hardly receive antibiotics in the developing countries can serve as
important means of understanding the human/animal pathogens drug resistance
interactions in the zone. Three hundred and fifty E. coli isolates,
comprising 133 from urban and 217 from rural sites in Imo state, Nigeria, were
screened for anti-microbial resistance profile against 10 antibiotics using the
disc diffusion method. Overall percentage anti-microbial resistance of the
isolates against cotrimoxazole, ampicillin, nalidixic acid, chloramphenicol and
nitrofurantoin (72–92%) were very high. The organisms were highly sensitive to
other antibiotics, especially gentamicin and ciprofloxacin. The 59.5% overall
mean percentage resistance recorded at the urban area was significantly higher
than the 46.8% recorded at the rural area (p<0.05). With the exception of
the figures for cotrimoxazole and ampicillin, resistance values obtained
against the other antibiotics at the urban sites were statistically higher than
those obtained at the rural sites (p<0.05). Zero resistance was recorded
against the fluoroquinolones, norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin at all the rural
sites except at Enyiogwugwu where a 28.6% resistance was obtained against
norfloxacin. Since free-range chickens rarely receive antibiotic medication, it
is concluded that the highly resistant E. coli organisms isolated from
them may be reflecting consequences of human drug use in the study areas.
Key words:Anti-microbial resistance, E.coli, free-range chicken, antibiotics,
Nigeria |
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This Article |
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2006;1-4
Short Communi-cation |
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Pai MM, Rajanigandha, Prabhu LV, Shetty P, Narayana K. Axillary Arch (Of Langer): Incidence, Innervation, Importance |
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Abstract:
The present study was planned
to find out the incidence of accessory muscle arches in the axilla of
68 upper limb (38 right and 30 left) dissections. Langer’s arch was
observed in one right limb out of the 68 limbs, total incidence was
1.47%. The arch extended from the latissimus dorsi to the fascia covering
the biceps brachii. The incidence is low in South Indian population
(Dravidians) compared to the various other populations reported in literature.
A branch from the lateral cord of brachial plexus supplied it in contrast
with the previous reports. The surgical significance of this muscle
is reviewed.
Key words:Axilla, Accessory
muscles, Biceps, Lymphadenectomy, Neurovascular bundle |
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This Article |
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2006;1-5
Short Communi-cation |
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Gauri Shankar, Sinha AG, Sandhu JS. Pulsed Ultrasound
does not affect recovery from Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness |
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Abstract:
Aim: To
investigate the effects of pulsed Ultrasound (US) in recovery from Delayed Onset
Muscle Soreness (DOMS).
Methods: Twelve
healthy male athletes (mean age 23.83±1.697 year) performed an
eccentric exercise protocol of non-dominant elbow flexors to induce muscle
soreness on 2 occasions separated by 3 weeks. Subjects in experimental group
received pulsed US (1 MHz, intensity 0.8 W/cm2, mark space ratio 1:10), whereas control group received sham US after 24 h, 48 h and 72 h.
Perception of muscle soreness, active ROM and muscle strength were the
parameters measured at 0 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h with the help of VAS, manual goniometer and JONEX muscles master instrument respectively.
Results: Post
hoc t test analysis revealed significant differences (p <0.05) between 0 h
and 72 h in the parameter of ROM (t = 6.18) and muscle power (t = 2.54) as well
as between 24 h and 48 h in the parameter of muscle soreness (t = 3.13) in
control group. Similar differences were also observed in the experimental group.
No significant inter-group differences at α level of 0.05 was observed in
any parameter at any level.
Conclusion: The
pattern of recovery from DOMS was not influenced by the application of pulsed
Ultrasound at the parameters discussed here.
Key words: Ultrasound, Delayed
Onset Muscle Soreness |
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This Article |
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2006;1-6
Case Report |
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Kamath BJ, Kamath RK, Bhardwaj P, Shridhar, Sharma C. A
Giant Lipoma In The Hand - Report Of A Rare Case |
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Abstract:
A
38 years old male patient presented with a large painless swelling in the right
palm with ultrasound
examination suggestive of fatty nature of the swelling MRI showing a well-circumscribed soft tissue swelling in
the deep palmar space. The giant tumor of 6.5 X 4 cm was excised and the patient
was symptom free two years following the surgery.
Key words: Lipoma; Giant tumor; Deep palmar space;
Surgical excision. |
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This Article |
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