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Volume-6 (2007);
Issue 3 (Jul-Sep) Published on Jan 24, 2008
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2007;3-1
Original Article |
Okwu GN, Ukoha AI, Nwachukwu N, Agha NC.
Studies on
the Predisposing Factors of Protein Energy Malnutrition Among Pregnant
Women in a Nigerian Community |
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Abstract:
Protein Energy
Malnutrition (PEM) continues to be a major public health problem in
developing countries and affects mostly infants, young children, pregnant
and lactating mothers. This study was carried on some of the factors
that predispose pregnant women to PEM and hence identify groups at greater
risk. A total of 1387 pregnant women (910 in the urban area and 477
in the rural areas) were recruited for the study. Anthropometric indices
of weight, height and Body Mass Index (BMI) of the pregnant women were
measured and semi structured questionnaires were used to elicit information
on possible predisposing factors such as age, level of education, parity,
child spacing etc. Results obtained showed that the mean weight and
height of the rural pregnant women, were significantly (p<0.0001)
lower than those of the urban pregnant women. The mean BMI of the rural
subjects, was also significantly (p< 0.0027) lower than that of the
urban subjects. Analysis of the effect of age showed that the younger
age category (24 years and below) had significantly (p<0.0001) lower
mean BMI and higher prevalence of PEM while the effect of level of education
showed significantly (p<0006) lower mean BMI and higher PEM
prevalence among the less educated (no formal and primary education).
Those with parity of two, one and primipara showed significantly (p<0.0175)
lower mean BMI while child spacing did not have any significant effect
on both mean BMI and prevalence of PEM. The implications of these findings
are discussed and recommendations made on how to tackle the problem.
Key words:Protein Energy Malnutrition, Pregnant Women, Predisposing Factors, Owerri,
Nigeria |
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This Article |
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2007;3-2
Original Article |
Iyamu E, Memeh M.
The Association
of Central corneal thickness with Intra-ocular Pressure and Refractive
Error in a Nigerian Population |
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Abstract:The purpose of this study was
to determine the variation of central corneal thickness (CCT) with intraocular
pressure (IOP) and spherical equivalent refractive error. A total of
thirty-nine (N=39) subjects within 20-75 years with mean age 45.2 ±
15.4 years were used for this study. The central corneal thickness was
assessed with the Corneo-Gage plus ultrasonic Pachymeter, the IOP with
slit-lamp mounted Goldmann applanation tonometer and refractive status
by Protec 2000 autorefractor, phoropter and trial lens set. Results
obtained showed that there was no linear correlation between CCT and
spherical equivalent errors, although the association between them was
significant (p<0.05). The linear correlation between CCT and IOP
was not statistically significant. The central corneal thickness was
weakly correlated with age; with increasing age the central corneal
thickness decreases. Neither the central corneal thickness nor the intraocular
pressure was affected by gender.
Key words: Central corneal thickness, Intraocular pressure, Spherical equivalent
refractive error, Mean spherical equivalent myopia, Mean spherical equivalent hyperopia |
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This Article |
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2007;3-3
Original Article |
Sumanjit, Walia TPS, Kaur R.
Removal of
health hazards causing acidic dyes from aqueous solutions by the process
of adsorption |
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Abstract:
The association
of dyes, particularly acidic dyes with health related problems is not
a new phenomenon. A lot of well established literature is already available
on the role of dyes as a major cause in skin and respiratory diseases.
The adsorbents which are of low cost, locally available and are relatively
new for their acidic dyes removal capacity from aqueous solutions were
investigated. Bagasse, cow dung, groundnut shells, pea shells, used
tea leaves, wheat straw were used in their charcoal form whereas brick
kiln ash and cement kiln ash adsorbents were used as such for the removal
of acid violet 17, acid violet 49, acid violet 54, acid blue 15 and
acid red 119. The effects of various experimental parameters, initial
pH, dye concentration, sorbent dosage, ion strength, contact time were
examined and optimal experimental conditions were decided. At initial
basic pH more than 8.0, all the five dyes studied could be removed effectively.
The isothermal data for adsorption followed the Freundlich and Langmuir
models. The adsorption results in this study indicated that all the
adsorbents were attractive candidates for removing acidic dyes from
dye wastewater.
Key words: Acidic dyes, Adsorbents, Health hazard |
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This Article |
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2007;3-4
Case Report |
Roychowdhury J, Samanta B.
Missing needle during episiotomy repair |
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Abstract:
Breakage and
missing of the episiotomy needle is not uncommon occurrence at the hands of the
junior doctors. Retrieving it from deeper tissue planes following its migration
can be a challenging task.
Key words: Episiotomy, needle,
migration |
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This Article |
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