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Volume-7 (2008);
Issue 3 (July-September) Published on Nov 24, 2008
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2008;3-1
Original Article |
Olayemi IK, Ande AT.
Survivorship Of Anopheles gambiae In Relation To Malaria Transmission In Ilorin, Nigeria. |
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Abstract: For
the first time in Africa, an entomological study went beyond the conventional
practice of determining parity and survival rates of field-collected
adult anopheline mosquitoes but also related these variables to duration
of Plasmodium sporogony and estimated the expectation of infective
life. Blood-seeking female mosquitoes were collected in Ilorin,
Nigeria, from January 2005 to December 2006, and dissected for ovarian
tracheations following WHO recommended techniques. The results indicated
an annual mean parous rate of 70.92%, and significantly higher parous
rates in the rainy than dry season, which also had very low densities.
Mean probability of daily survival of the mosquitoes was 0.80, with
annual mean life expectancy of 12.24 days. The probability of surviving
the sporogonic cycle was low (< 0.4) but the expectation of infective
life was long, especially in the rainy season (mean = 8.31 days). The
epidemiological implications of these results were discussed. The
An. gambiae population in Ilorin is dominated by older mosquitoes
with high survival rates thus, suggesting a high vector potential for
the species in the area. These information on the survival rates of
An. gambiae in relation to malaria transmission would enhance the
development of a more focused and informed vector control interventions.
Key words:
Infection,
Life expectancy, Mosquitoes, Parity, Plasmodium, Sporogonic cycle |
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2008;3-2
Original Article |
Dongre AR, Deshmukh PR,
Garg BS.
Formative exploration of students’ perception about Community Medicine teaching
at Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sewagram, India. |
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Abstract:
Objective:
The objectives of the present formative research were to explore the
medical undergraduates’ study problems and their perceptions about
various teaching approaches in currently practiced teaching curriculum
of Community Medicine. Material and Methods:
The present formative research was undertaken at Dr. Sushila Nayar School
of Public Health incorporating Department of Community Medicine, Mahatma
Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sewagram. The respondents were
17 (26.5%) conveniently selected final year exam appearing medical undergraduates
from 2004 regular batch of 64 students. A triangulation of qualitative
research methods like free listing, pile sort exercise and a Focus Group
Discussion (FGD) were used. A two dimensional scaling and hierarchical
cluster analysis was completed with the pile sort data. The data was
analyzed by using software Anthropac 4.98.1/X software. Results:
The medical undergraduates could understand the topics like Integrated
Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illness (IMNCI), Primary Health
Care (PHC), cold chain system for vaccines, immunization and health
education, dietary survey and cluster survey method taught in the community
based camp approaches. Students found it difficult to comprehend the
core of subject from the scattered lecture series over a long teaching
period, especially using lengthy over head projector/liquid crystal
display presentations. The major problems encountered in studying the
subject of Community Medicine were difficulty in understanding the concepts
of biostatistics, confusions due to apparently similar text in National
Health Programs and difficulty to recall disease statistics due to vast
syllabus. Conclusions: Students perceived the community based camp
approach of teaching as a best method to understand the subject, which is an
integration of task oriented assignments, integration of social sciences within
medical domain and active community involvement. Hence, the community based camp
approach can be scaled up as a best Community Medicine teaching approach. The
active learning methods could be used to improve the lectures and the clinics
which should be more concentrated in final year of teaching.
Key words: Community
Medicine, Perceptions, Community-based-teaching, medical undergraduates,
India |
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This Article |
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2008;3-3
Original Article |
Pardeshi GS.
Consultations of health
service providers amongst patients of pulmonary tuberculosis from an
urban area. |
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Abstract: Aims: To describe the number, types
and reasons of consultations amongst patients of pulmonary tuberculosis
from an urban area. Settings and
Design Cross sectional study was conducted amongst new patients
of pulmonary tuberculosis initiated on DOTS at District Tuberculosis Centre (DTC), Yavatmal from January
to June 2006. Material and Methods: The data regarding
consultations were collected along a time line. The reasons for consultations
were studied by in-depth interviews. Statistical analysis: Logistic regression
analysis and transcripts of interviews. Results and Conclusions A total of
55 patients were studied in whom median duration between first consultation
to treatment initiation was 15 days. A majority of cases (87.27%) had
first consulted a private practitioner. A total of 32 patients reported
more than two consultations and 19 had consulted more than two private
health service providers. Amongst the movements between consultations,
a majority were from private
to government. Only four patients had come to DTC without
any prior consultation. Many patients came to government health service
provider on their own when the symptomatic treatment prescribed by the
private practitioners did not relieve their symptoms.
Key words: RNTCP,
DOTS, Treatment seeking, Private health service providers |
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This Article |
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2008;3-4
Case Report |
Das C, Chaudhuri S, Karmakar M, Chakraborty S.
Uterine Arteriovenous Malformation As A Rare Cause Of Menorrhagia. |
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Abstract:
Uterine arterio venous malformation is uncommon cause of menorrhagia.
We report a rare case of arteriovenous malformation diagnosed after 18 years of
suffering from menorrhagia.
Key words: Uterine arteriovenous malformation, Menorrhagia |
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