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Volume-12 (2013);
Issue 3 (Jul-Sep)
Published on Nov 15, 2013
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2013;3:1
Original Article |
Chudasama RK, Kadri AM, Joshi N, Bhola C, Zalavadiya D, Vala M.
Evaluation of Supplementary Nutrition Activities under Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) at Anganwadi Centres of Different Districts of Gujarat. |
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Abstract: Background: The ICDS program aims at enhancing survival and development of children from the vulnerable sections of the society. The present study was conducted to assess supplementary nutrition (SN) activities and its related issues at anganwadi centres. Material and methods: Total 60 anganwadi centres were selected including 46 anganwadi centres (AWCs) from rural area and 14 AWCs from urban area during April 2012 to March 2013 from 12 districts of Gujarat. Five AWCs were selected from one district randomly. Detailed information was collected related to beneficiary’s coverage for SN, type of food provided under SN, and various issues related to supplementary nutrition at anganwadi centres.Results: High coverage of receiving SN among enrolled was reported in pregnant mothers (88.3%), lactating mothers (91.7%) and adolescents (86.7%). Only 25% AWCs were providing hot cooked food (HCF) to 3 to 6 years children. Less than half of the AWCs were providing ready to eat (RTE) food to 6 months to 3 years children (48.3%), pregnant (46.7%) and lactating (46.7%) mothers, and adolescents (45.0%). Total 38.3% AWCs reported shortage of SN supply, more in rural (41.3%) compare to urban (28.6%). Various problems were reported by anganwadi workers related to SN like lack of storage facility, non availability of separate kitchen, poor quality of food, irregular supply, inadequate supply, and fuel problem. Conclusion: The regular and adequate supply of SN will improve the provision of hot cooked food, ready to eat food and take home ration to the beneficiaries as per the norms, leading to improvement of overall nutritional status of the community.
Key words: Anganwadi workers; Supplementary nutrition; ICDS. |
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2013;3:2
Original Article |
Khapre M, Mudey A, Meshram R, Naik AR, Wagh V.
Determinants and Associated Disability of Leprosy Patients Attending GMLF, Sevagram.
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Abstract: Background: Leprosy, as an oldest disease known to a man and already eliminated from India in 2005, still poses a public health problem with steady new case detection rate. Method: The present study was carried out in Gandhi memorial leprosy foundation, Wardha, with the aim to find out proportion of multibacillary leprosy cases and various grading of disability and factors associated with it in this part of country. All the successive new OPD patients were included in study and examined for type of leprosy and grade of disability if present. Analysis done by Descriptive statistics. Result: 66 % had multibacillary type of leprosy and 44 % the disability. Higher age group, females, illiterate and less educated, unskilled and low income group were mostly affected. Conclusion: high proportion of multibacillary cases and disabilities reflects the need for active thrust to identify new cases.
Key words: Outpatient; Multibacillary; Disability; Females; Stigma. |
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2013;3:3
Original Article |
Mani G, Annadurai K, Danasekaran R.
Healthcare Seeking Behaviour for Symptoms of Reproductive Tract Infections among Rural Married Women in Tamil Nadu - A Community Based Study. |
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Abstract: Introduction: Reproductive tract infections including sexually transmitted infections (RTI/STIs) are problems of public health priority compromising the reproductive health of women especially in developing countries. The problem is compounded by the poor health care seeking behaviour among women due to lack of awareness and sociocultural factors. Objectives: This study is an attempt to assess the health care seeking behaviour of women reporting RTI symptoms in a rural area of Tamil Nadu state of India and to examine the association of background sociodemographic characteristics with Health care seeking behaviour. Methodology: This was a cross sectional, descriptive study conducted between March to November 2011, among married women aged 18-45 years in a rural area of Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu in India. The required sample size was chosen by simple random sampling. The participants were administered a standardized, semi-structured schedule. Results: 520 women participated in the study. 173 women (33.3%) of women reported experiencing symptoms of RTI/STI in the past 12 months. Only 51.45% of those who had RTI/STI symptoms sought health care. Private health care facility was preferred by nearly two-thirds. The health care seeking behaviour showed significant association with age group of women, religion, occupational status, type of family and socioeconomic status. Conclusion: There is a need for increasing awareness among women regarding RTI/STIs and their sequelae. Targeted health education programmes should be necessary to improve health care seeking among women.
Key words: Reproductive tract infections; Married women; Health care seeking. |
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2013;3:4
Original Article |
Chudasama RK, Kadri AM, Zalavadiya D, Joshi N, Bhola C, Verma M.
Attitude and Myths Towards Rape among Medical Students in Rajkot, India. |
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Abstract: Background: Violence against women takes many forms – physical, sexual, psychological and economic. Violence against women harms families and communities across generations and reinforces other violence prevalent in society. Rape myths encompass a set of (false) beliefs about rape that places the blame on the victim and not the perpetrator. Objective: to assess the prevailing attitudes on rape myths among the medical students. Methods: The study was conducted after taking informed consent among 346 undergraduate medical students of P D U Government Medical College, Rajkot, India from January to June, 2013 by using previously validated questionnaire using updated Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance Scale. Results: The age range of 346 medical students was 17 to 23 years with 172 male and 174 female students. Total 24.4% male and 23% female students had very good positive attitude. One fourth of male and one fifth of female students had a more negative attitude. No relation was observed for rape myth acceptance among medical students for residential or socio-economic status. Conclusion: The present study provides insight to the prevalence of attitude and rape myths towards rape among medical students. Introduction of education on gender violence with introduction of courses on ‘sexual violence’ in medical curriculum may help to decrease rape incidence and for better management of victims.
Key words: Rape; Myth; Attitude; Gender; Residence; Medical students |
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2013;3:5
Original Article |
Majgi SM, Meera S, Gowda N.
Prevalence of Anemia in Brush Painters of a South Indian City, Mysore. |
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Abstract: Background : Painters are chronically exposed to lead based paints, which causes anemia by impairing heme biosynthesis and increasing the red cell destruction. The present study was conducted to assess the lead exposure and haematological effects of lead in brush painters as they are chronically exposed to lead based paints. Objective: To estimate prevalence of anemia among brush painters and lead exposure among them. Methodology: Community based cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 occupational residential brush painters of Mysore city of India during July 2012 and September 2012. Subjects were interviewed using standardized questionnaire, mainly, for lead toxicity symptoms and personal hygiene. Venous blood samples were drawn and haematological parameters were determined (n=100). The marker of anaemia was haemoglobin concentration. Through Systematic random sampling, 30 samples were selected for blood lead concentration (PbB) estimation. Results: The prevalence of anemia among the subjects was 3%. The mean hemoglobin concentration was 15.5±1.4 g/dL and mean blood lead concentration (PbB) was 12.9±10.9 µg/dL. There was no significant correlation found between the PbB and haematological parameters. There was a high prevalence of lead toxicity symptoms and the symptoms were more in the less hygienic subjects than the hygienic subjects. Conclusion: The blood lead concentration among painters is less than the threshold (PbB >50 µg/dL) for hematological alterations. Hence lead induced anaemia is not a health risk among brush painters. The PbB is also less than the recommended threshold for occupational exposure (30 µg/dL). But the high prevalence of lead toxicity symptoms indicates the long term health effects of lead even at low levels of exposure. Fortunately, being hygienic is an easily achievable goal to decrease the lead exposure among the painters.
Key words: Occupational exposure; Lead; Painters; Anemia; Blood lead level; Hematology. |
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2013;3:6
Original Article |
Murugan V, Dongre AR.
An Evaluation of Community-Based Action Research Program for Medical Undergraduates in Rural Pondicherry. |
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Abstract: Objective: To obtain the learners’ reaction to a community-based action research program in a rural setting of Pondicherry. Methods: Both quantitative (post-then-pre rating) and qualitative (response to open ended questions) feedback from 125 medical students exposed to this program was obtained. Mean values were calculated for pre and post self-rating on skills acquired by the students in retro-pre feedback. The content analysis of the qualitative data was undertaken. Results: There was significant improvement in their perceived abilities to follow basic steps in carrying out research such as – problem identification, literature search, drafting a proposal, preparation of questionnaire, data collection, analysis and its reporting. Our approach could contribute to development of cognitive, social-emotional and vocational domains of the students. Conclusions: Overall, our community-based action research program is taking a shape and getting mainstreamed in the exiting curriculum. It could sensitize students to basic steps in research and contributed to their cognitive, social-emotional and vocational development. Further work is needed to increase its scope and intensity to achieve the development of cultural, moral and ethical domains.
Key words: Community-based; Action research; Medical students; Rural; India.
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2013;3:7
Original Article |
Rather AA, Salati SA.
Non Obstetric Acute Abdomen in Pregnancy – An Experience from Kashmir. |
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Abstract: Objectives: The objective of this study was to study the profile of pregnant patients who were managed by general surgical unit of a referral hospital in Kashmir valley for non obstetric causes of acute abdomen over a period of seven years. Methods: The study was done retrospectively after acquiring data from databank related to pregnant patients managed for acute abdomen over a period of seven years (from January 2006 to December 2012) in the general surgical department of the medical college of SK Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Kashmir. Results: 49 non obstetric acute abdomen were managed in pregnant females over a period of seven years. 23 (46.9%) patients reported with a delay of more than 12 hours and 34 (69.4%) cases underwent surgical interventions. Appendicitis was the commonest cause of acute abdomen and Ultrasonography was the only imaging modality utilized. Only 3 cases had preterm labor. Conclusions: Acute abdomen in pregnant females should be assessed with high level of suspicion .Delay in presentation and intervention leads to adverse outcomes.
Key words: Acute abdomen; Pregnancy; Appendicitis; Complications; Delay |
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2013;3:8
Case Report |
Raval J, Nagaraja V, Fahmy PNA, Denniss AR.
Type A Dissection Presenting as a Double Aortic Valve. |
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Abstract: We report a case of spontaneous aortic root dissection in a middle-aged male without history of recent trauma, mimicking double aortic valve on the echocardiogram which extended to the right brachiocephalic artery. The patient immediately underwent Bentall procedure.
Key words: Aortic root dissection; Double aortic valve; Bentall procedure. |
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2013;3:9
Case Report |
Kumar A, Dubey KP, Gupta A, Baruah B.
Removal of Open Safety Pin in Larynx: A Challenging Event for an Otolaryngologist. |
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Abstract: Inhalation of foreign body is a serious event. The numbers of foreign bodies that become impacted in the larynx are small and require urgent recognition. We describe the case of a 12 year old girl with an impacted open safety pin in the larynx. The sharp end of the safety pin was upward, below the level of the vocal cords and had pierced the soft tissue. Tracheostomy was required to secure the airway and the child had an uneventful recovery. We discuss the management and describe our method of removal of the foreign body with a brief review of literature.
Key words: Open safety pin; Larynx |
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2013;3:10
Case Report |
Quadros LS, Babu A, Bhat N, Ankolekar VH, D'souza AS.
Variant Musculo-tendinous Slip between Teres major and Triceps brachii. |
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Abstract:Purpose: A variation of the muscles of the
scapular region is a very rare finding. During the routine dissection for the undergraduates, a variant short musculo-tendinous slip in
between the teres major and the long head of triceps brachii muscles was seen. This slip could cause compression of the underlying
brachial vessels and the cords of brachial plexus. Therefore this type of variation is worthy of being noted by the surgeons.
Key words: Limb bud; Myogenic cells; Scapula; Teres major; Triceps brachii |
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2013;3:11
Case Report |
Manjunath KV, Guruprasad B, Krishnamurthy.
A Rare Case of Gastric Carcinoma with Oral Metastasis. |
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Abstract: Oral region is an uncommon site for metastatic tumour cell colonization and usually evidence of wide spread disease, It accounts for
only 1% of all oral malignant neoplasm’s. They mainly involve the bony structures (particularly the mandible), whereas primary
metastases to soft tissues are extraordinarily rare (only 0.1% of oral malignancies). The breast is the most common primary site
for tumors that metastasize to the jawbones, whereas the lung is the most common source for cancers that metastasize to the oral
soft tissues. We are reporting an extremely rare case of carcinoma stomach with oral soft tissue metastatic lesion in the upper
alveolar ridge extending to involving the upper labial mucosa extending upto the premolars on right side on the gingio- buccal sulcus.
Key words: Oesophago gastric duodenoscopy; Fine needle aspiration cytology; Immune histochemistry |
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2013;3:12
Case Report |
Kaur P, Khurana A, Chauhan AK, Singh G, Singh S.
Meningeal Hemangiopericytoma of Brain: Role of Radiation Therapy. |
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Abstract: Hemangiopericytoma is an uncommon
vascular tumour. Complete surgical resection is treatment of choice. However, late local recurrences and distant extraneural
metastases ranging from 12% to 57% are reported in literature after complete removal. Post operative radiotherapy is indicated in
unresectable or incompletely excised tumour. We present a case of meningeal hemangiopericytoma in a 60 years old female patient
treated with surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy. There is no evidence of disease at primary site and no sign or symptoms of metastatic
disease in the patient after three years.
Key words: Brain tumor; Radiotherapy; Hemangiopericytoma. |
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2013;3:13
Case Report |
Gupta D, Thakur P, Chabra V, Munish, Kapur G, Sondhi S.
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis in Subclinical Hypothyroidism. |
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Abstract: Hypothyroidism is an uncommon
cause of ascites. Here we describe a case of a 75 year-old female patient with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and subclinical
hypothyroidism that resolved with thyroid replacement and antibiotic therapy respectively. Ascitic fluid analysis revealed a
gram-positive bacterium on gram staining. A review of the literature revealed just one other reported case of myxoedema ascites
with concomitant spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and no case has till been reported of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in
subclinical hypothyroidism.
Key words: Peritonitis; Ascites; subclinical Hypothyroidism. |
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2013;3-14
Case Report |
Bagale P, Suryawanshi K, Gadre AS, Dravid NV, Tayade Y.
Cytomorphological Diagnosis of Giant Cell Tumour of Distal End Radius in Elderly Patient. |
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Abstract: Giant cell tumours (GCTs) of bone have been described as the most challenging benign bone tumors. It is very unusual for GCT to occur in patients younger than 20 yrs or older than 55 years. GCT is seen with a slightly increased frequency in females. The typical giant cell tumor (GCT) is a solitary neoplasm that occurs in the epiphysis or metaphysis of long bones. The most common sites include the distal femur, proximal tibia and distal radius. The sacrum, distal tibia, proximal humerus, proximal femur, pelvis and proximal fibula are not infrequent sites. Here we report cytologically diagnosed case of GCT distal end radius in 75 yrs male patient. We discuss its clinicopathologic features, differential diagnosis and its optimal treatment.
Key words: Benign bone tumour; Cytology, Giant cell tumour. |
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2013;3:15
Case Report |
Nayak RR, Kamath GM, Kamath MM, Kamath AR, D'Souza S, Roopashree.
Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia in Xeroderma Pigmentosum. |
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Abstract: Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare genetic disorder associated with multiple oculocutaneous and neurological manifestations. It occurs due to deficiency of the enzymes responsible for repairing ultraviolet radiation-induced DNA damage. Persistence of un-repaired DNA results in somatic mutations, leading to neoplasia of the skin and ocular surface. As this condition is rare, only isolated case reports of XP with ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) are found in literature.
Key words: Ocular surface squamous neoplasia; Xeroderma pigmentosum. |
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2013;3:16
Case Report |
Mahajan SK, Kaushik M, Raina R, Sharath Babu NM, Raghav S.
Hirayama Disease - A Variant of Motor Neuron Disease and Role of Flexion MRI in Diagnosis. |
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Abstract: Hirayama disease is a monomyelic
variant of motor neuron disease (MND) and has distinctive features of male predominance, asymmetric involvement of upper extremities
with a self limiting course. Flexion MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) forms the main stay for diagnosis of this condition. Here we
report such an unusual case of Hirayama disease in a male patient of 20 years who presented with weakness and atrophy in right upper
limb. Careful clinical examination will help to use the flexion MRI studies for the diagnosis of this condition as done in our case.
Key words: Hirayama disease; Motor neuron disease; Flexion MRI; Monomyelic. |
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2013;3:17
Case Report |
Jayker SS, Surhonne SP, Rajaram T.
Brunner Gland Hamartoma: A Rare Incidental Finding on Autopsy. |
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Abstract: Brunner gland hamartoma (BGH),
is a very rare benign tumor of the duodenum. It is usually asymptomatic and detected incidentally by endoscopy or other imaging
modality. But, the definitive diagnosis is only by histopathological examination. We report an autopsy case in which a duodenal
mass was found incidentally which was then confirmed histologically as Brunner gland hamartoma and the cause of death in this case
was cerebral haemorrhage.
Key words: Brunner gland hamartoma; Benign tumor; Duodenal mass. |
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2013;3:18
Case Report |
Hassan M, Amer S, Sklar L, Hassan S.
Atypical Presentation of Mollaret’s Meningitis. |
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Abstract: Mollaret’s meningitis is mostly described in the setting of recurrent attacks of fever along with signs and symptoms of meningitis. It resolves spontaneously without any treatment and in most of the cases no causative organism is identified. Here we present an atypical case of mollaret’s meningitis in which the patient presented with headache and meningismus in the absence of fever.
Key words: Mollaret’s meningitis; Atypical. |
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2013;3:19
Case Report |
Sowmya SG, Avabratha KS, Rai BS.
Vigorous Oil Massage in a Neonate: Cause for Fracture. |
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Abstract: Massaging the newborn has been a tradition in India and other Asian countries since time immemorial. There are many benefits of traditional oil massage. Although considered as a safe practice with no significant harmful effects, rarely if performed improperly baby may end up having adverse effects like fracture. We report a forearm fracture in a neonate following vigourous oil massage. A 15 days old male baby was brought with the complaints of reduced movement, pain and swelling in right forearm of one day duration. The baby was born full term to a non consanguineous parent. His birth weight was 3.12kg and APGAR score was good. Post natal period was uneventful except for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia for which he had received phototherapy. At home he was getting daily oil massage and bath by traditional techniques. On examination there was diffuse, tender swelling on the ventral aspect of right forearm which was firm in consistency and there was paucity of movement. X ray revealed fracture of proximal radius and middle third of ulna. Skeletal survey did not reveal any other fracture. Baby was treated with a short arm, below the elbow cast. Absence of family history and no other bone involvement made osteogenesis imperfecta and child abuse less likely.In conclusion simple causes like oil massage also to be kept in mind in dealing with neonatal fractures.
Key words: Fracture; Newborn; Oil massage. |
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2013;3:20
Pictorial CME |
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