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Volume-15 (2016);
No. 3 (July-September)
Published on October 25, 2016
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2016;3:1
Original Article |
Varte LR, Rawat S, Singh I, Choudhary S, Singh S, Singh SN.
Nutritional Status Based on Z-Scores of Boys With Two Dietary Habits in a Sainik School. |
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Abstract: Objective: To assess the nutritional status of vegetarian and non vegetarian boys studying in Sainik school (based on z-scores). Methods: The present study was based on anthropometric data of 342 boys age group between 13 to 18 years collected at Sainik School, Bijapur. Three anthropometric indices were adopted for assessing the nutritional status of children. viz. weight-for-age, height-for-age and BMI for age. The data were analysed statistically, using SPSS Window software. Result: A total of 12.40% vegetarian and 11.40% non vegetarian boys were classified under moderate stunting z-score values for height for age. Around 5.70% vegetarian and 3.40% non vegetarian were underweight with a z-score value of moderate weight-for-age. Differences observed were higher body weight of non vegetarian boys as compared to vegetarian boys. The values of fat%, fat mass and mid upper arm circumference were significantly higher among non vegetarians as compared to vegetarians (p< 0.05). Conclusion: There were no significant difference between vegetarian and non vegetarian boys in terms of BMI-for-age, weight-for-age and height-for-age. However, sigificant differences were observed for moderate z-score value of weight for age and height for age among non vegetarian and vegetarian boys. 5.7% vegetarian and 3.4% non vegetarian boys showed a moderate z-score value of weight-for-age indicating underweight and 12.4% vegetarian and 11.4% non vegetarian boys showed a moderate z-score value of height-for-age indicative of stunting. More than 85% of both vegetarian and non vegetarian boys/cadets were growing up normally and quite healthy.
Key words: z- scores, vegetarian, non vegetarian, children, nutritional status. |
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2016;3:2
Original Article |
Bansal RN, Malhotra M.
Motivating Human Resources for Health at Govt Medical Colleges: The leaders' Way. |
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Abstract: Public sector organisations have limited scope for incentives, performance based pay and promotions. Leaders can influence public service motivation through several mechanisms including engaging employees existing values, infusing jobs with meaning and highlighting and rewarding public service values. Current research was aimed to study the impact of leader behaviour aspects on motivation levels of different types of personnel working at a non-profit making teaching medical college. Results suggested that impact of leaders behaviour must be studied separately for different professional groups. Approach to motivating different category of professionals needs to be different. Not all leader behaviour aspects have similar impact on motivation of different professional groups and organsiations. Government sector organisations having limited scope for external motivation and must look at creating provisions for contingent rewards. Nursing professionals need immediate management focus for better patient care.
Key words: Hospital, Healthcare, Medical College, Public Sector, Motivation, Leader Behaviour |
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2016;3:3
Original Article |
Talwar P.
The Moderating Effect of Perceived Social Support on Stress and Depression among University Students. |
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Abstract: Background and objectives: The omnipresence of stress and depression among university students is a cause for concern, as it can have adverse consequences on all aspects of their life. Understanding the role of social support as a protective factor within this context, may well be vital to the enhancement of overall wellbeing among students. The main aim of the present study was to examine the moderating effect of perceived social support on the relationship between stress and depression. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted to garner data from 254 university students for hierarchical multiple regression and structural equation modeling analysis. Results: Firstly, the present study replicated the frequently reported positive relationship between stress and depression. Secondly, an inverse association between social support and depression was also depicted. Finally, the results also supported an interaction between perceived social support and stress in predicting depression among students. Conclusion: In sum, the results of the current study may well augment our understanding of the role of perceived social support in combating stress and depression among students, and thereby convey important implications for intervention strategies tailored to this demographic.
Key words: Stress, Depression, Perceived social support, Moderation analysis, University students |
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2016;3:4
Original Article |
Abshirini M, Khafaie MA, Bahrani MR, Rayshahri AP, Khafaie B.
TEACCH and SIT approach program in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders. |
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Abstract: Objective: Sensory Integration Therapy (SIT) is one of the most commonly used treatment approaches for Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Treatment and Education of Autistic and related Communication-handicapped Children (TEACCH) is another less known approach in Iran. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of SIT and TEACCH approaches in children with ASD. Design: The study design was quasi- experimental, which was conducted on 2014 in Autism center of Bushehr city, based in south of Iran. Method: Study participants were children aged 3 to 9 with normal IQ who were diagnosed with ASD. Intervention included SIT and TEACCH treatment approaches for a 6 months duration to two groups of children (n=20). One group did not receive any intervention during the 6 months. Main outcome was the total score of Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC). Results: There was no significant difference in ATEC score between the three groups at the base line. ATEC score was significantly different among three groups after intervention using one-way ANOVA test. Tukey test showed that TEACCH group had more improvement in autism score compared to SIT group. The results of ANCOVA test showed that 70% of variation in autism score is due to the interventional approaches. Conclusion: This study showed that TEACCH program was effective in Iranian culture as well, and can be used widely in Iranian Autism centers and TEACCH program was more effective than SIT program.
Key words: Autism, Sensory Integration Therapy, TEACCH, Iran |
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2016;3:5
Original Article |
Arora S, Chogtu B, Magazine R.
Effect Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Clinical and Radiological Presentation and Drug Resistance in Pulmonary Tuberculosis. |
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Abstract: Studies suggest that tuberculosis (TB) patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) present atypically. This study was done to assess symptoms, radiological findings and multidrug resistance in TB patients with or without diabetes. A prospective study on 100 TB patients was carried out in a tertiary care hospital. The clinical presentation of patients in two groups did not vary. Bilateral and lower lobe involvement was seen more in diabetics. Lung cavitation and multidrug resistance was predominant in non-diabetics. Though clinical presentations remain the same, radiological findings vary in diabetics. This information can help in better understanding and thereby better treatment outcomes in patients with TB and DM.
Key words: Tuberculosis, diabetes mellitus, radiological findings |
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2016;3:6
Original Article |
Sharma D, Yadav S, Prakshini K, Paruthikunnan S, Dhkar W.
Comparison of MIP and VR With Average at Various Slab Thickness in MDCT For Detecting Pulmonary Nodules. |
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Abstract: Introduction: Lung cancer found to be the most common cause of death worldwide. Early detection of pulmonary nodules can improve the survival rate of the patients suffering from lung cancer. In case of patients with known pulmonary metastasis, infection, other diseases the presence of bilateral pulmonary nodules is an indicative of metastasis. Objective: to compare the detection rate of pulmonary nodules in MIP and VR and to find out best slab thickness. Materials and methods: 15 patients referred for HRCT who had <20 nodules in each lung on source (1mm) images and who did not have any evidence of fibrosis in lungs were included. The source images were reconstructed into MIP and VR (slab thickness: 4, 7 and 11 mm; Interval: 3.5mm). Two radiologists independently evaluated different thickness of MIP and VR in separate sittings and documented the number of nodules with size and density of each nodule. Difference between the number of nodules detected on MIP and VR at various thickness was assessed using Wilcoxon sign rank test and p values were calculated to assess the significance. Results: Both readers detected more nodules on VR as compared to MIP (Total nodules on VR: 493, Total nodules on MIP: 467) with p- value being 0.262, indicating that there was no statistical significant difference between both techniques. Slab thickness of 11mm was best for nodule detection on MIP (p value: 0.027); however, there was no statistically significant difference between 7 mm and 11 mm thickness on VR (p: 0.3). 11 mm MIP was also better than the other thickness in detection of low density nodules (p: 0.039); but there was no significant difference in the detection of high density nodules (p: 0.131). Conclusion: MIP and VR were equally accurate in detecting lung nodules. 11mm MIP detected significantly more number of nodules than 7 mm, but both thickness were equally accurate on VR.
Key words: Computed tomography, Multi slice computed tomography, Maximum intensity projection, Volume rendering |
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2016;3:7
Original Article |
Udayamala E, Alaparthi GK, Augustine AJ, Anand R, Mahale A, Zulfeequer CP, Krishnan SK.
Comparison of Diaphragmatic Excursion During Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercise, Volume and Flow oriented Incentive Spirometer in Healthy Subjects: A Randomized Cross Over Trial. |
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Abstract: Objective: To compare the diaphragmatic excursion of healthy subjects (males and females) during rest and three different types of breathing exercises: Volume-Oriented Incentive Spirometer, Flow-Oriented Incentive Spirometer and Diaphragmatic Breathing. Methods: One Hundred and eleven healthy volunteers (62 male and 49 female) participated in the study. Diaphragmatic excursion was measured using ultrasound, during rest, Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercise and the use of the Volume-Oriented Incentive Spirometer and the Flow-Oriented Incentive Spirometer. Results: Diaphragmatic excursion was significantly greater during the Volume-Oriented Incentive Spirometer (6.3±1.4) than Flow-Oriented Incentive Spirometer (5.4±1.4) and Diaphragmatic Breathing exercise (5.2±1.3). During all three types of breathing exercises, males showed a higher diaphragmatic excursion than females. Conclusions: The Volume-Oriented Incentive Spirometer promoted greater diaphragmatic excursion than the Flow-Oriented Incentive Spirometer and the Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercise.
Key words: Diaphragmatic excursion, Diaphragm breathing exercises; Volume-Oriented Incentive Spirometer, Flow-Oriented Incentive Spirometer. |
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This Article |
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2016;3:8
Original Article |
Yardimci H, Özdoğan Y, Asil E, Hovland ED, Özçelik AO.
An Evaluation of Adults' Water and Fluid Consumption. |
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Abstract: Aim: This study was aimed to determine the daily water and fluid consumption of health professionals. Methods: The sample included 313 subjects (female: 222, male: 91) between 22 and 49 years of age. The questionnaire solicited demographic information from the participants and asked about their fluid consumption and its frequency. The principal variable was gender. To analyze the data statistically, tables of means, standard deviations (X±SD) and percentage (%) values were used. When identifying the fluid intake of healthcare staff, the independent t test was used to account for gender. Results: The fluid consumption of the participants was examined, and the average was 2,262.6±845.2 mL. The mean consumption of water was 1,404.0±719.8 mL. Other significant fluid intake included black tea at 314.4±147.9 mL, instant coffee at 160.5±52.2 mL, milk/ayran/kefir at 157.7±134.8 mL, soft drinks at 61.6±104.7 mL and fruit juice at 72.5±103.9 mL. It was also found that the gender differences in total fluid and soft drink consumption were statistically significant (p<.05), while the consumption of other drinks did not vary significantly by gender (p>.05). Conclusion: To precisely determine water and fluid intake, studies should be planned and conducted with large samples using standardized assessment tools.
Key words: Health professional, fluid, water, consumption. |
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This Article |
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2016;3:9
Case Report |
Sirasanagndla SR, Pamidi N, Nayak SB, Rao RT, Rao MKG.
Unusual Morphology of the Anterior Arch of Atlas. |
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Abstract: Anomalies of anterior arch of atlas vertebra are seldom reported in the literature. Presence of inferior accessory ossicle is one of the reported anomalies of the anterior arch of atlas. In the present case, we report a rare case of unusual morphology of the atlas vertebra. It was observed in one of the bones macerated locally for the teaching purpose. There were two wide accessory bony laminae extending from the middle three fourth of the superior and inferior aspect of the anterior arch proper. Each bony lamina was measured 4 cm x 0.3 mm. Further, there were small foramina along the attached border of the each bony lamina. Anterior tubercle was situated at the lower edge of the anterior arch proper. Accessory bony lamina may interfere with rotatory movements of the atlas and may lead to degenerative changes of the dense. Reporting of unusual morphology of anterior arch of atlas vertebra is clinically important during diagnostic procedures of neck pain. Sometimes this extra growth of the anterior arch may be mistaken for the pathologic mass.
Key words: Accessory bony lamina, anterior arch, atlas, neck pain |
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2016;3:10
Case Report |
Babu P, Thomas HR, Punnose K, Henry T.
Unusual Case of Elongated Accessory Parotid Gland with a Prominent Duct. |
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Abstract: Accessory parotid glands (APG) are occasional collections of salivary tissue separated from main parotid gland situated on masseter muscle and just above the commencement of the parotid duct.The APG exists in approximately 21-61% of individuals. Though APG gland draining by a duct into main duct is quite common, occurrence of an elongated prominent APG with a separate duct opening into main parotid duct is a rare occurrence. We present here a rare case of elongated right APG with a prominent duct of its own, which was communicating into parotid duct at the anterior border of masseter.
Key words: Accessory parotid gland, prominent duct, buccal branches, facial
nerve, communication |
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This Article |
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2016;3:11
Case Report |
Surendran S, Nayak SB, Reghunathan D, Nelluri VM.
Sternocleiodomastoid Muscle with Five Fleshy Bellies and Thirteen Heads of Origin. |
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Abstract: Sternocleidomastoid (SCM) is the main landmark muscle of the neck. Knowledge of variations of this muscle is very important for radiologist, surgeons, chiropractitioners, plastic surgeons and clinicians in general. We report a unique unilateral variation of SCM observed in an adult male cadaver. The clavicular head of right SCM had four fleshy bellies (B1, B2, B3 and B4). The most medial belly (B1) had three tendons of origin; the next belly just lateral to it (B2) had three tendons of origin; third belly (B4) had four tendons of origin and the lateral most belly (B4) had two tendons of origin. Thus, including the tendon of sternal head, in total, the right SCM had thirteen heads of origin. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on a thirteen headed sternocleidomastoid muscle. We review the literature and discuss the clinical importance of the variation in this report.
Key words: Sternocleidomastoid, variation, radiology, neck surgery, central venous catheterization. |
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