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Volume-17 (2018);
No. 4 (October-December)
Published on Jan 30, 2019
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2018;4:1
Original Article |
Lobo AS, Margaret B, Pothiyil.
Prevalence of Malnutrition Among Under-Five Children in Migrant Population of Udupi District, Karnataka, India. |
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Abstract: Background: Protein energy malnutrition (PEM) is the most widespread health and nutritional concern in all the developing countries. United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) report of 2015 states that, 90% of the world’s chronically malnourished children lived in Asia and Africa. In India, 20% of the under-five children suffer from wasting. Migration plays an important part in population dynamics. This has an adverse effect on the health of children, which leads to child mortality as they are greatly exposed to many health problems. Objective: This cross sectional study intends to determine the prevalence of malnutrition among under-five children.Materials and Methods: A total of 260 under-five children (6 months to 5 years) and their mothers (dyad) were selected using cluster sampling from selected migrant population of Udupi district, Karnataka. Data were collected using demographic proforma, modified Kuppuswamy socioeconomic scale and assessing the anthropometric measurements. Results: The overall prevalence of malnutrition was 151 (58.07%) children according to Indian Academy of Pediatrics classification for weight for age. Maximum 109 (41.92%) children were normal, 86 (33.08%) were in grade I malnutrition, 45 (17.31%) were in grade II malnutrition, 16 (6.15%) were in grade III malnutrition, and 4 (1.54%) were in grade IV malnutrition. Stunting was found among 176 (67.7%) children, wasting among 51 (19.6%) children and 127 (48.8%) children were underweight. Conclusions: The prevalence of malnutrition among under-five children was high among the migrant population and remedial measures should be taken to improve their nutritional status.
Key words: Prevalence, Malnutrition, Under-five, Migrant, Children, Udupi, India, Nutrition status, Epidemiology |
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2018;4:2
Original Article |
Singh V, Das S, Mondal PR.
Distribution and Sexual Dimorphism of the a-b Ridge Count among the Bhil Tribal Community of Mount Abu, Western India. |
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Abstract: This study aims to understand the distribution and sexual dimorphism of the a-b ridge count. A cross-sectional data was collected on 241 individuals from the ‘Bhil’ tribal community aged 10-60 years from the block Mount Abu, Rajasthan state of western India. A modified Cumins and Midlo (1961) ink printing method was used to obtain the dermatoglyphic configuration. The a-b ridge count has been evaluated following standard technique of Schaumann and Alter (1976), and the total a-b ridge count (TABC) is classified according to Fang (1950) definition. The result shows that the mean TABC is higher in male (80.7) than female (78.5), but statistically insignificant. The a-b ridge count (ABRC) of the right hand in males is significantly higher than female. This study emphasized that the distribution of palmar ridge quantitatively varies between two sex groups. Unfortunately, there is dearth of information on the sexual variation of a-b ridge count. Notably, most of the studies in India on a-b ridge count was in hospital setting or among the patients. In this article, we studied community dwelling healthy population, which offers a complimentary research perspective for forensic anthropologists and to understand the application of a-b ridge pattern for personal identification.
Key words: a-b ridge count, India, Tribe, Sexual variation, Dermatoglyphics |
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2018;4:3
Original Article |
Dissanguan D, Sitilertpisan P, Joseph LH, Paungmali A.
Effectiveness of Lumbar Support in Management of Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review. |
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Abstract: Background: The lumbar support belt has been used routinely in the management of low back pain. However, conflicting evidence arose as to whether or not lumbar support belt usage was more effective than usual care. This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of the lumbar support belt in reducing discomfort and improving quality of life in patients with low back pain.
Methods: This study searched relevant studies by using the keywords “lumbar support, lumbar belt, back support, back belt” and “back pain, lumbar pain and backache” from Pubmed, Sciencedirect and Scopus from January 1995 to December 2017, in order to identify the effectiveness of the lumbar support belt for reducing discomfort and improving quality of life in patients with low back pain. Inclusion studies comprised only those on the lumbar support belt and non-specific low back pain in English language publications. The outcome focused on pain intensity, quality of life and the specific functional status of back pain. Furthermore, duplicated studies were excluded. Methodologic quality assessment was performed by two independent reviewers using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scales. If agreements were inconsistent, a third independent reviewer formed the consensus. The conclusion was based on high quality studies (PEDro scores ≥ 6/10) in order to report effectiveness and suggestions for clinical application.
Results: Two hundred and ninety seven studies were searched from the electronic database, and 162 were screened for titles and abstracts. Eight studies were identified finally for systematic review; six for randomized controlled trials and two for quasi-experimental studies. Five of the six randomized controlled trials were of good quality, with all of them showing the use of lumbar support usually reducing discomfort and improving quality of life in individuals with low back pain. The prescription for wearing lumbar support for 6-8 hours per day for at least one month showed positive results.
Conclusions: The lumber support belt appeared to be as effective as additional intervention together with usual care in the management of non-specific low back pain.
Key words: Lumbar support, Back pain, Low back pain |
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2018;4:4
Original Article |
Kumar TGS, Soundararajan P, Maiya GA, Ravi A.
Physical Activity and Quality of Life after Renal Transplantation. |
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Abstract: Background: The survival rate after renal transplantation (RT) has improved across world. Physical activity (PA) remains a way to sustain health benefits after successful RT. But, the PA and quality of life (QOL) after renal transplantation remains underexplored. Methods: This cross sectional study was done on 63 eligible, consented RT recipients who underwent transplant between 2010 and 2014. The Blood urea, serum creatinine, Physical Activity level (IPAQ) and QOL (RAND 36) were assessed. Results: The PA was found to be low, moderate and high respectively among 28, 24 and 11 subjects. The mean score of PA, physical health (QOL) was 932 ±720, 73.68±10.85 respectively. Physical health QOL positively correlated with PA, negatively with Post RT duration (p<0.05). Conclusions: The PA and QOL remained low with time than the recommendation. The significant correlation between the PA, duration of transplantation and QOL warrants tailored interventions in post renal transplantation patients.
Key words: Physical activity, Quality of Life, Renal transplantation, RAND36, IPAQ, Renal rehabilitation |
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2018;4:5
Original Article |
Zayabalaradjane Z, Abhishekh B, Ponnusamy M, Nanda N, Dharanipragada K, Kumar S.
Factors Influencing Medical Students in Choosing Medicine as a Career. |
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Abstract: Motivation is an important factor influencing important outcomes in medical education. The choice of medicine as a higher study depends upon various factors such as interest in the medical field, good job opportunities, a desire to serve others, medical background of the parents and many more. This study is aimed at identifying those factors influencing medical students in choosing medicine as a career. As part of the first day of the foundation program for first year MBBS students of a tertiary care teaching hospital, the students were asked to introduce themselves in front of faculty, parents of the students, and fellow batch mates and also to say in their own words, “Why did they choose medicine as their career?” in a few sentences. The responses from 141 students were compiled and subjected for qualitative analysis. This study found out that there are several factors influencing the choice of career in medicine, however, highly influencing factors among this group were found to be the influence by parents and the perceived respect that they would get in the society. The responses were further grouped into different themes and discussed with reference to similar studies conducted in other parts of the world.
Key words: Undergraduate Medical Education, MBBS Selection, First year Medical students, Motivation, Medicine as a career. |
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2018;4:6
Original Article |
Semernik OE, Lebedenko AA, Semernik IV, Demyanenko AV, Ivanova DN, Appoeva AA.
Features of Clinical and X-ray Patterns of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children in Various Age Groups. |
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Abstract: This article presents the results of the analysis of anamnestic data, clinical examinations of patients, laboratory diagnostics, X-ray and computed tomography-examination of the chest, treatment in children with community-acquired pneumonia in hospital. It is established that pneumonia in children is more often registered at school age. The most common form of pneumonia in children remains focal and segmental forms, with a high prevalence of right-sided pneumonia. The most informative method to diagnose this disease is a computed tomography scan of the chest.
Key words: Community-acquired pneumonia, Children, Clinic, Diagnosis, Treatment |
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This Article |
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2018;4:7
Original Article |
Murugesan S, Rudrapathy P, Samuel S.
Emergence of Unusual Gram - Negative Bacteria Among Cancer Patients in a Tertiary Care Cancer Centre at North Kerala. |
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Abstract: Patients with cancer are at a high risk of infection and often the focus of the infection is not apparent. Blood- stream infections (BSIs) have been the leading complications in such patients. Bacteria are the primary causative agents of BSIs. However, in recent years, unusual gram-negative bacteria i.e. Stenotrophomonas, Burkholderia, Elizabethkingia, etc., have emerged as potential human pathogens in cancer patients. Hence, the current study was performed to analyze the unusual GNB and their antibiotic susceptibility profile in BSIs among cancer patients in a tertiary care cancer centre. This retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care cancer centre at North Kerala. We analyzed microbiological profile of blood cultures received in the Microbiology Division from January 2016 to December 2017. All the blood cultures were processed by using automated blood culture system (Bactec 9050). The positive cultures were analyzed by automated identification and susceptibility systems (ViteK 2 compact). During the 2-year period, a total of 4154 blood cultures were done out of which 385 (9.2%) cultures yielded growth. Overall, 15 different species (n = 27/385; 7%) of unusual GNB pathogens was found from 385 positive cases. Burkholderia cepacia complex (n = 4) is the most common species followed by Pseudomonas putida (n = 3), Chryseobacterium gleum (n = 3), etc. This study revealed the emergence of unusual GNB as potential drug-resistant nosocomial pathogens in patients with cancer.
Key words: Unusual Gram-negative bacteria, Cancer patients, Antibiotic resistance |
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This Article |
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2018;4:8
Original Article |
Ihegihu CC, Ihegihu EY, Egwuonwu AV, Okonkwo UP, Ibikunle PO, Anumba CE.
Reference Intervals of Serum Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein in Nigerian Adults at Nnewi: A Pilot Study. |
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Abstract: Objective: To determine the reference intervals of serum Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein in Nigerian adults at Nnewi, Nigeria. Methods: Eighty participants were partitioned into: group1; (29 years and younger); and group 2; (30 years and older), each group comprising twenty males and twenty females. Five milliliters of venous blood collected from each participant was measured for COMP with the COMP ELISA (Anamar Medical AB, Lund, Sweden). The statistical package for social sciences version 20.0 was used for data entry and analysis. Data was log transformed. Reference intervals for serum COMP for the various groups were obtained after back transformation of the calculated values obtained using the formula: reference interval = m - 2s to m + 2s for a variable that follows a normal distribution where m was the mean and s was the standard deviation. Results: In both groups, COMP showed good positive correlation with age: r=.546 in group 1and r=.624 in group 2 which was statistically significant; p=.001 in both groups. The reference intervals were 182.87 - 214.52ng/dl for the males and 170.67 - 208.66ng/dl for the females in group 1. For group 2, the reference intervals were; 174.54 – 608.22ng/dl for the males and 182.97 – 482.19ng/dl for the females. Conclusion: Serum COMP is a potential tool for making early diagnosis of KOA but multi-center studies using large sample sizes will be required to establish reference intervals for the Nigerian population.
Key words: Reference Intervals, Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein, Knee Osteoarthritis, Pilot Study, Nnewi, South Eastern Nigeria. |
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This Article |
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2018;4:9
Case Report |
Shabunin AV, Bedin VV, Yakomaskin VN, Grekov DN, Covantev S.
Clinical Case of a Gastric Diverticulum Operated by Laparoscopic Approach. |
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Abstract: A gastric diverticulum is a rare disease, occurring in 0.04% of cases on contrast X-rays and 0.01-0.11% of cases of upper GI tract endoscopies. Diagnosis is often difficult due to non-specific symptoms, such as a feeling of fullness in the epigastrium after eating, dyspepsia, nausea and vomiting. In the case of symptomatic diverticulum, surgical treatment is indicated, where a priority is given to laparoscopic interventions. In the article, we presents a case of a gastric diverticulum in a 37-year-old woman who was successfully operated laparoscopically.
Key words: Gastric diverticulum, Diverticulitis |
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2018;4:10
Case Report |
Goud SCC, Varshney S, Joshi P, Malhotra M, Pandey A, Potluri P.
Basal Cell Adenocarcinoma of Parotid Gland. |
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Abstract: Basal cell adenocarcinoma (BCAC) of salivary gland is a rare tumor, only few reports have been described in the literature so far. These tumors appear benign clinically. Metastasis is reported in less than 10% of cases. BCAC is considered as low-grade carcinomas due to its biological behavior and prognosis. Parotidectomy with preservation of the facial nerve is considered as treatment of choice. Neck dissection has to be performed in cases with cervical metastases. Radiation is advisable in patients with recurrent disease or neck nodal metastasis. Intensive follow-up is necessary because there is 30% recurrence rate. In this case report, we describe a giant basal cell adenocarcinoma in a 50-year-old female patient who was managed with extended parotidectomy along with excision of intralesional facial nerve and involved adherent skin. Reconstruction was done with latissimus dorsi flap and sural nerve cable grafting for facial nerve.
Key words: Parotid gland, Basal cell adenocarcinoma, Facial nerve. |
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