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Volume-18 (2019);
No. 2 (April-June)
Published on Jul 30, 2019
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2019;2:1
Original Article |
Mahajan N, Kshatriya GK.
Trends of Nutritional Anaemia Among Adolescents of Kukna Tribal Community of Gujarat, India. |
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Abstract: Background: Iron-deficiency anaemia is most common form of anaemia affecting adolescents in rural and urban setting in India. This condition has worsening effects on overall growth and cognitive development of children and adolescents. The paper evaluates sex and age-wise prevalence of anaemia in adolescents of Kukna tribe of Valsad, Gujarat. Methodology: Cross-sectional study on 296 Kukna adolescents(168 females and 128 males)aged 14-18 years was conducted. Dietary preference along with height, weight and haemoglobin status were taken. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS18.0. Result: Overall prevalence was estimated as 61.5%. Sex-wise prevalence was found to be 45.3%(females) and 16.2%(males). Frequency of anaemia was observed to be higher in vegetarians(n=112) than mix-diet individuals(n=68). Frequency of anaemia was reported to be greater in normal body mass index(BMI) females(n=55) and underweight males(n=37) with respect to females and males lying in other BMI categories. Prevalence rates of current study were greater than national prevalence of anaemia(53%) and greater proportion of females were found to be anaemic. Conclusion: There is a dire need for more micro-level and community-based studies for assessment of anaemia which will enhance the understanding about the vulnerable groups in the country.
Key words: Anaemia, haemoglobin, tribal community, adolescents, Gujarat, India |
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2019;2:2
Original Article |
Kumari K, Wahengbam AKGS, Saraswathy KN, Rao VR, Murry B.
Anemia Induced by Hemoglobinopathies: A Nested Case Control study from Gujarat, India. |
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Abstract: Hemoglobinopathy is a condition in which an individual carries an abnormal variant of hemoglobin gene and common genetic abnormalities in India. In heterozygous conditions particularly thalassemia trait is reported to be associated adverse phenotypes such as anemia, kidney problem, etc. The aim of the present study is to understand the status of anemia with special reference to β-thalassemia carriers. A total of 2969 individuals of both sexes in the age group of 13-30 years were recruited and screened for hemoglobinopathies, where 199 cases and same recruited cohort 199 age and sex matched controls. The hematological parameter levels were estimated by CBC and HPLC to confirm and distinguish between different hemoglobinopathies and thalassemia. The frequency of anemia was higher (74.4%) among cases as compared to that of the controls (31.2%). Microcytic anemia is significantly higher among cases (87.8%) whereas normocytic anemia is significantly higher among controls (66.1%). β-thalassemia carriers are found to be effected by anemia specifically microcytic anemia. The indices, RBC count and hematological parameters provided high consistencies for differentiating β-thalassemia carriers and anemia.
Key words: Hemoglobinopathies, Thalassemia carriers, Microcytic Anemia, Mentzer Index, Srivastava Index |
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2019;2:3
Original Article |
Shekhawat KS, Chauhan A, Ahmed F, Das D, Hazarika D, Sarma B, Phukan RB.
Prevalence of Dental Caries, Dental Pain and Oral Hygiene Practices Among Riverine Islanders of Brahmaputra in North Eastern State of Assam, India. |
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Abstract: Background: Little is known about oral health of riverine islanders of Brahmaputra in Assam, India. Objective: To determine the prevalence of dental caries, dental pain and risk factors (alcohol, tobacco and oral hygiene practices) among riverine islanders of Brahmaputra in Assam, India. Methods: A cross-sectional (questionnaire and clinical) study was conducted among 102 study participants to obtain their socio-demographic data, consumption of alcohol, tobacco, oral hygiene practices and history of dental pain in preceding 6 months. Dental caries was clinically diagnosed using WHO modification of DMFT index. Chi-square and students ‘t’ test was used for proportion and mean difference. Results: Consumption of alcohol was nil and 58.8 percent consumed tobacco with majority using smokeless form. The prevalence of dental caries was 59.8 percent with mean dmft – 2.3 and DMFT – 3. Males had significantly higher dmft scores (P=0.02) and absence of dental caries was observed more among females (P=0.008). About 34 percent did not brush their teeth and 71 percent experienced dental pain. Difficulty in chewing food was common impact affecting their quality of life. Majority did not do anything for dental pain citing ‘no dentist nearby’ and ‘transportation problems’ as main reasons. Conclusion: After careful consideration of the results, a Boat Dental Clinic Program (BDCP) was initiated to overcome the barrier of accessibility thereby providing oral health services at their doorstep. BDCP was planned based on the prevalent epidemiology of oral diseases, cultural factors and available resources.
Key words: Oral Health, Tobacco, Dental Caries, Dentist, Smoking, Prevalence |
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2019;2:4
Original Article |
Rao GRS, Minhat HS, Shahar HK, Mukhtar F, Anusuyah.
Prevalence and Socio-demographic Determinants of Depression among Inmates of a Prison in Malaysia. |
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Abstract: Depression is the most common form of mental disorder among prison inmates. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence and socio-demographic determinants of depression among adult male inmates in a local prison in Malaysia. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 460 inmates who were systematically selected. Depression was screened using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. Chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression were applied to determine the association between depression and associated variables. Data was analyzed using SPSS software with a p value less than 0.05 was considered significant. The response rate was 90.7% while prevalence of depression was 40.7%. The presence of communicable disease (AOR=2.249, 95%Cl=1.217-4.156) and non–communicable disease (AOR=1.890, 95%Cl=1.132-3.156) identified as socio-demographic determinants of depression. The study suggest a high prevalence of depression among the inmates. Initiative must be given to address and improve the prison health care services.
Key words: Prevalence, Socio-demographic, Determinants, Depression, Inmates |
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2019;2:5
Original Article |
Bordaeva OY, Umanskiy MN, Derevyanchuk EG, Shkurat TP.
Association of IL–10 and F2 and F5 Blood Clotting Factors Genes Polymorphisms with Pre-Eclampsia Risk. |
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Abstract: Background: The article presents the influence evaluation results of the anti-inflammatory cytokine — IL10 and blood clotting factors - F2 and F5 genes polymorphism on the formation of hereditary predisposition to the development of preeclampsia in women of the Rostov region. Patients and methods: In this case-control setting, we included 101 pregnant women at 24 to 36 weeks of gestation, who were divided into two groups: the group of women with preeclampsia and the control group. All women were tested for mutations of interleukin–10 gene (IL-10), the blood coagulation factors F2 and F5 genes. Results: During the analysis of the IL-10 -592A>C (rs1800872) and -819T>C (rs3021097); F2 20210G-A (rs1799963) and F5 1691G-A (rs6025) polymorphisms contribution to genetic predisposition to preeclampsia, it was detected that carriers of the homozygous genotype of the IL-10 -592A>C polymorphic locus have an increased risk of developing this complication of pregnancy (OR=3,39; 95%CI 1.13–10.22), however, no statistically significant differences were found for the other studied loci. Conclusion: The current study results inconsistent with previous studies; showed that the IL-10 -592A>C polymorphism, but not IL-10 -819T>C, F2 20210G-A and F5 1691G-A polymorphisms, may be contributed to the susceptibility of preeclampsia in Rostov population.
Key words: Preeclampsia, polymorphism of gene, F2, F5, blood clotting factor, IL-10, anti-inflammatory cytokine |
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This Article |
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2019;2:6
Original Article |
Choudhary S, Singh S, Singh I, Varte LR, Sahani R, Rawat S.
Somatotypes of Indian Athletes of Different Sports. |
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Abstract: Somatotyping is the overall quantification of the morphology and categorization of physique using three numeral rating. Application of anthropometry and somatotype is well recognized in designing training programs and identifying talented athletes for different sports. 165 Indian elite athletes of different sports (football, wrestling, hockey, combat sports and athletics) including 18 control group individuals were somatotyped according to Heath and Carter devised method. Anthropometric measurements were taken following the International Society for Advancement of Kinanthropometry guidelines. The studied groups differentiated highly between each other while within-group variability was lower as compared to variability within the control group. Upon comparison with Olympic athletes, participants under study exhibited lower mesomorphs and higher endomorphy or ectomorphy.
Key words: Body mass index, Nutritional status, Sportspersons, Somatotype |
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2019;2:7
Case Report |
Mazuruc N, Covantev S, Ambarcumian M, Belic O.
Accessory Thymic Lobe: A Complicated Morphological Finding During Dissection. |
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Abstract: The thymus is a primary lymphoid organ of the immune system, that plays a vital role in the development and maturation of the immune system during childhood. During the dissection we encountered an unusual thymus, located in the anterior mediastinum, which had a narrow, L-shaped accessory lobe and was located on the right side of the pericardium, covering the right ventricle from its base to the place of adhesion to the diaphragm. Its length was 6.7 cm, the width of the narrowest segment was 1.1 cm, and at the widest part was 2 cm, with the average segment thickness of 0.4 cm. The presence of accessory thymic lobes that extend till the level of the diaphragm creates difficulties during surgery especially in case of thoracoscopic procedures as the tissue lies on the pericardium in a narrow space thus making the dissection more difficult.
Key words: Thymus, Dissection, Accessory thymic lobe |
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This Article |
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