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Volume-9 (2010);
Issue 4 (October-December)
Published on Jan 20, 2011
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2010;4-1
Editor's Note |
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Editor's Note |
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This Article |
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2010;4-2
Original Article |
Balgir RS.
Health Scenario
of Major Tribals of Northern Orissa in Relation to Human Growth, Development
and Nutrition and the Role of Genetic Factors in
Smell and Tasting Abilities in Children. |
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Abstract: The nature of physical growth and development of children depends primarily
upon the genetic endowments, nutritional status, psychosocial attitude
and surrounding physical environmental conditions. School going children
are the most important segment of the society who are affected by under-
and mal-nutrition. Good nutrition is an indispensable component of healthy
life. Tribal children studying in Ashram schools can be taken as representatives
of the predominant tribes of the area. This study was aimed at evaluating
the health profile in relation to growth, development and nutrition
of a randomly selected cross section of 1038 Ashram school children
aged six through 15 years in the state of Orissa. Following the standard
methodology, it was noticed that nutritional complications are compounded
due to ignorance, bad food habits, food fads, and poverty. About 71%
of the Ashram school children showed mild to moderate anemia. According
to different grades of malnutrition, the frequency of grade III malnutrition
was very low in Ashram-school boys (1.4%) and girls (3.5%), with an
average of 2.3%. The grade I as well as grade II malnutrition was also
higher in girls (grade II =24.3%; grade I= 37.6%) as compared to boys
(grade II=16.7%; grade I=31.5%) with an average of 19.9% and 34.1%,
respectively for grade II and grade I malnutrition. There was a consistent
pattern of increase in height and weight in the year six through fifteen
of age, showing that height and weight of the Ashram school children
increases with the corresponding advancement of age in both boys and
girls. In general, the girls were shorter and lighter in weight than
the boys. This pattern is consistent in the present study of Ashram
school children in Orissa. It has been observed that apart from the
genetic potential, the intra-uterine environment, mother’s nutritional
status before, during and post pregnancy, and neonatal nutrition and
associated traditional behavior drastically influence the growth and
development of individuals. Adequate physical and mental fitness of
parents is a marker for physical and mental fitness of the progeny.
Heritable genetic factors are responsible for the ability to detect
and identify smell and taste of food items of liking and disliking and
for the fussy behavior toward different foods in children.
Key words: Health Profile; Antenatal Growth and Development; Behavioral Genetics; Nutrition; Smell and Tasting Abilities;
Tribal children; Northern Orissa |
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2010;4-3
Original Article |
Singh SN, Singh N, Narendra RK.
Demographic
and Socio-economic Determinants of Birth Interval Dynamics in Manipur:
A Survival Analysis. |
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Abstract: The birth interval is a major determinant of levels of fertility in
high fertility populations. A house-to-house survey of 1225 women in
Manipur, a tiny state in North Eastern India was carried out to investigate
birth interval patterns and its determinants. Using survival analysis, among
the nine explanatory variables of interest,
only three factors – infant mortality, Lactation and use of contraceptive
devices have highly significant effect (P<0.01) on the duration of
birth interval and only three factors – age at marriage of wife, parity
and sex of child are found to be significant (P<0.05) on the duration
variable.
Key words: Censored observation; Relative risk; Infant mortality; Breastfeeding |
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This Article |
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2010;4-4
Original Article |
Bhattacharya S, Mukhopadhyay G, Mistry PK, Pati S, Saha SP.
Stillbirth in a
Tertiary Care
Referral Hospital in North Bengal - A Review of Causes, Risk Factors
and Prevention Strategies. |
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Abstract: Background and Aims: Stillbirth is one of the most
common adverse outcomes of pregnancy, accounting for half of all perinatal
mortality. Each year approximately 4 million stillbirths are reported,
with 97% occurring in developing countries. The objective of the present
study was to evaluate the stillbirth rate, exploring the risk factors
and causes of stillbirth and suggest policies to reduce it. Settings and Design:
A retrospective study of stillbirth among all deliveries over 5 years
at North Bengal Medical College, a referral tertiary care teaching hospital
in a rural background. The stillbirth rate and its trend were defined
and the probable causes and risk factors were identified. Results: Stillbirth
rate is 59.76/1000 live births, and Perinatal Mortality 98.65/1000 births.
Of the still births, 59.72% were fresh and 40.27% were macerated. Among
the causes of stillbirths, poor antenatal attendance and low socioeconomic
status were important; other risk factors included prematurity, PIH, birth asphyxia, poor intrapartum care including prolonged and obstructed
labour. In 23% cases, the cause remained unexplained. Conclusion: In addition
to poor antenatal care, low socioeconomic condition, poor referral service,
suboptimal intrapartum care in health facilities including tertiary
centre were mainly responsible for majority of still births which could
have been prevented. We speculate that upgrading the existing health
system performance, particularly high quality intrapartum care by skilled
health personnel, will reduce stillbirths substantially in our institute.
Key words: Still birth; Intrapartum stillbirth; Perinatal Mortality |
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This Article |
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2010;4-5
Original Article |
Prajapati P, Oza J, Prajapati J, Kedia G, Chudasama RK.
Prevalence of Ocular Morbidity Among School Adolescents
of Gandhinagar District, Gujarat. |
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Abstract: Objective:
To study the prevalence of ocular morbidity (abnormal condition) and
various factors affecting it among school attending adolescents. Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted to study abnormal ocular conditions
like refractive errors, vitamin A deficiency, conjunctivitis, trachoma,
ocular trauma, blephritis, stye, color blindness and pterygium among
school adolescents of 10-19 years age in rural and urban areas of Gandhinagar
district from January to July, 2009. Systematic sampling was done to
select 20 schools having 6th to 12th standard
education including 12 schools from rural and 8 from urban areas. Six
adolescents from each age year (10-19) were selected randomly to achieve
sample size of 60 from each school. In total, 1206 adolescents including
691 boys and 515 girls were selected. Information was collected from
selected adolescents by using proforma. Visual acuity was assessed using
a Snellen’s chart and all participants underwent an ophthalmic examination
carried out by a trained doctor. Results:
Prevalence of ocular morbidity among school adolescents was reported
13% (7.8% in boys, 5.6% in girls); with 5.2% have moderate visual impairment.
Refractive error was most common ocular morbidity (40%) both among boys
and girls. Almost 30% of boys and girls reported vitamin A deficiency
in various forms of xerophthalmia. Prevalence of night blindness was
0.91% and of Bitot`s spot 1.74%. Various factors like, illiterate or
lower parents’ education, lower socio-economic class and malnutrition
were significantly associated with ocular morbidity. Conclusion:
Ocular morbidity in adolescents is mainly due to refractive error, moderate
visual impairment and xerophthalmia.
Key words: Adolescents; Ocular morbidity; Refractive error; Xerophthalmia; Malnutrition |
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This Article |
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2010;4-6
Original Article |
Mandysova P, Škvrňáková J, Ehler E,
Černý M.
Creation
of a 13-Item Bedside Dysphagia Screening Test. |
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Dysphagia is a common problem
that affects people with many health conditions and that can have serious
complications. Various dysphagia screening tests exist; however, their
creation was associated with certain weaknesses, e.g. none of them used
“objective” instrumental tests (e.g., videofluoroscopy or flexible
endoscopic examination of swallowing, FEES) in all patients to
verify the results. In addition, most dysphagia screening tests were
developed for stroke patients. The purpose of this study was
to fill this gap. Our research included not only patients with stroke
but also patients with other neurological and otorhinolaryngologic conditions.
We tested 33 physical examination items in 44 patients and analyzed
the results by comparing them to FEES results. Our study is the first
one that performed this kind of comparison in all the patients enrolled
in the study. Data mining was used to create a 13-item dysphagia screening
test that has 88.2% sensitivity.
Key words: Dysphagia; Dysphagia Screening;
Flexible Endoscopic Examination of Swallowing; Physical Examination;
Videofluoroscopy
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This Article |
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2010;4-7
Original Article |
Jathanna RPN, Latha KS, Bhandary PV.
Burden and Coping in Informal Caregivers
of Persons with Dementia: A Cross Sectional Study. |
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Abstract: Caring for persons affected with
dementia is associated with substantial psychological strain as evidenced
by high rates of psychiatric morbidity and high levels of caregiver
strain. Dementia care in developing countries will continue to be provided
by immediate family members at home and is unlikely to be taken over
by institutions due to socio-cultural reasons. This study aims to examine
the relationship of selected factors of patients affected with dementia
and their caregivers that were associated with the burden and coping
of family caregivers. This is a cross sectional study of a long term
project by the author (RJ), involves face-to-face interview with questionnaires
with family caregivers of patients with dementia. Burden was related to patient’s
behavioral problems, gender, family type and the years of care giving.
Principal component analysis of Brief Cope revealed 6 major dimensions:
acceptance, humor, religion, substance use, behavioral disengagement
and self blame as significant coping skills. Care giving was associated
with more psychological complaints and a poor quality of life both physical
and psychological. Self blame, behavioral disengagement, venting &
emotional support emerged as an important variable as the care giver
relation differ in the kind of care giving and care giving burden. Results
highlight the importance of improving the mixed coping skills in burdened
caregivers. Interventions need to designed and tailored to the specific
needs of caregivers.
Key words: Dementia; Informal caregivers;
Burden; Coping strategies |
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This Article |
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2010;4-8
Original Article |
Singh A, Lal A, Shekhar.
Prevalence of Depression Among Medical
Students of a Private Medical College in India. |
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Abstract: Background: Medical education can contribute to the development
of depression in medical students which may have possible negative academic
and professional consequences. The aims of this study were to explore
the prevalence of depressive symptoms and their relationships to socio-demographic
variables among a cross section of medical students of a private medical
college in India. Methods: A cross-sectional anonymous questionnaire-based survey
was conducted including all students from first to fourth year of a
medical college in India. Beck depression inventory was used to assess
the level of depression with a score of 12 or higher considered depressive.
Additional questions regarding demographic variables were also included
in the survey. Data analysis was done on Epi info version 6. Results: A total of 336 students participated giving a response
rate of 88%. A total of 49.1% students reported depressive symptoms.
It was significantly higher in 1st year (59.3%) and 2nd year (65.6%),
as compared to 3rd (34.4%) and 4th year (37.2%) students
[p<0. 05]. Substance abuse(p<0.0001), first and second year
of study, female sex and language of instruction other than English
at 10+2 level were associated factors for the development of depressive
symptoms [p<0.05]. A significant negative association was also found
between regular exercise and depression (p<0.05). Conclusion:
Depression
may be a significant hidden problem in Indian medical students and mechanisms
to identify and help students with mental health problems should be
seriously considered.
Key words: Depression; India;
Medical students |
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This Article |
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2010;4-9
Original Article |
Chudasama RK, Patel UV, Verma PB, Amin CD, Shah HM, Banerjee A,
Patel RR.
Characteristics of Fatal Cases of Pandemic Influenza
A (H1N1) from September 2009 to January 2010 in Saurashtra Region, India. |
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Abstract: Background: India reported
first case of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection in May,
2009 and Saurashtra region in August, 2009. We describe the characteristics
of fatal cases of 2009 influenza A (H1N1) infection reported in Saurashtra
region. Methods: From September,
2009 to January, 2010, we observed 71 fatal cases that were infected
with 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus and admitted in different hospitals
in Rajkot city. Real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction
(RT-PCR) testing was used to confirm infection; the clinico-epidemiological
features were observed and documented. Results: Median age
of the deceased (71) was 29 years, and 57.7% were females. Median time
observed was 5 days from onset of illness to diagnosis of influenza
A (H1N1), and 57.7% were referred from general practitioner (OR=0.42,
CI=0.24-0.74). Median hospital stay reported was 3 days. All admitted
patients received oseltamivir, but only 16.9% received it within 2 days
of onset of illness. The most common symptoms were cough (97.2%), fever
(93%), sore throat and shortness of breath. Co-morbid conditions were
present in almost half of the patients who ultimately died, the most
common of which was pregnancy (OR=0.15, CI=0.04-0.52). Radiological
pneumonia was reported in 98% patients. Conclusion: Residing in
urban area, delayed referral from general practitioner, presence of
co-existing condition, especially pregnancy was responsible for mortality
among influenza A (H1N1) infected positive.
Key words: Influenza A
(H1N1); Epidemiology; Fatal cases; RT-PCR; Pregnancy; Antiviral drug |
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This Article |
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2010;4-10
Short Report |
Nagdeote AN, Paunipagar PV, Muddeshwar MG, Suryawanshi NP.
Study of Plasma Ascorbic
acid levels in Wheezing Children. |
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Abstract: Background: Reactive
Oxygen species induced bronchial abnormalities may have important consequences
in asthma, the main symptom being wheezing specially in children. Vitamin
C is an important antioxidant known to quench the reactive oxygen species.
A beneficial effect of fresh fruit consumption on lung function has
been observed in several studies. Plasma levels Vitamin C was determined
in relation to wheezing symptoms in cross sectional study. Methods: In a cross sectional
blood samples of 50 patients attending pediatrics OPD, having
wheezing and shortness of breath were analyzed for plasma Ascorbic
acid level and compared with healthy controls of same age and
sex. Results: The total number of 50 wheezing children
were in the age group of 2 to 12 years with similar age matched controls. It was observed that the plasma ascorbic acid concentration in the wheezing
children (0.43 – 0.12 mg/dl) was significantly decreased as compared
to the normal controls ( 0.75 – 0.18 mg/dl ) P< 0.001. The highly
significant low levels of plasma ascorbic acid level in wheezing children
was irrespective of sex and severity of symptoms. However the ascorbic
acid levels were at the lower side in female and with severe symptoms. Conclusions: Plasma Ascorbic
acid levels were significantly, decreased in the process of scavenging the
reactive oxygen species. Ascorbic acid directly neutralizes free radical and
protects the bronchial tissue from oxidative injury, so it can be concluded that
the consumption of fruit rich in vitamin C may reduce wheezing symptoms in
children.
Key words: Wheezing; Asthma;
Reactive oxygen species; Ascorbic acid |
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This Article |
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2010;4-11
Short Report |
Deepa S, Kumari AB, Venkatesha D.
Increasing
Trends of Methicillin Resistant Coagulase
Negative Staphylococcus in Neonatal Septicaemia - A Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital,
Mysore, South India. |
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Abstract: Introduction: Neonatal
septicaemia is one among the leading causes of neonatal mortality in
India. For the last 20 years CoNS has been identified as a major cause
of neonatal septicaemia in NICU. Different studies show 70-75% of CoNS
as resistant to methicillin. Material and methods:
Blood samples from neonatal septicaemia cases during Dec 2007 to Dec
2010 were processed & isolates were identified. CoNS were biotyped
& methicillin resistance was detected using cefoxitin 30 µg disk. Results: Of 2256 blood
samples from neonatal septicaemia cases, 587(36.98%) were CoNS. Staphylococcus
epidermidis 234(39.86%) was the commonest isolate. Methicillin resistance
was noted in 286 (48.72%). MRCoNS prevalence during 2008, 2009 &
2010 were 41.57%, 47% and 57.36% respectively. Conclusion: Our study
showed increased trends of MR-CoNS in neonatal septicaemia leading to
increased usage of vancomycin & other glycopeptides, resulting in
emergence of multidrug resistant strains, thus narrowing the treatment
options in neonates.
Key words: Neonatal septicaemia; Coagulase
Negative Staphylococcus; Methicillin resistance |
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This Article |
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2010;4-12
Short Report |
Bhattacharya S, Naskar A, Mondal S, Samanta A, Pati SP.
Should Magnesium
Sulphate prophylaxis be used in all cases of severe preeclampsia? |
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Abstract: A case control study, undertaken
in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in a tertiary referral
centre, was designed to administer standard dose of magnesium sulphate
to 50 randomly selected severely preeclamptic women in labor (Group
1). 48 women who formed the control group did not receive the drug (Group
2). The admission – delivery interval, rate of Cesarean section showed
no statistically significant difference. Four patients developed convulsions
in Group 1 in contrast to twelve patients in Group 2. Efficacy of magnesium
sulphate at preventing eclampsia was calculated as 68%. Mild respiratory
depression occurred in two cases and oliguria in eight cases in Group
1. Both the conditions improved on suspending further doses of magnesium
sulphate. No patient had post partum haemorrhage in Group 1 although
4% patients had it in Group 2. Neonatal outcome was comparable in both
the groups. Hence magnesium sulphate may be regarded as a fairly safe
and effective prophylactic agent for eclampsia when used in severe preeclampsia
in labor.
Key words: Preeclampsia;
Prophylactic magnesium sulphate |
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This Article |
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2010;4-13
Short Report |
Varashree BS, Bhat PGK.
A Study
on Proteolytic Enzyme Activity in the Erythrocytes of Diabetic
Patients. |
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Abstract:
The present study demonstrates the possibility of increased proteolytic activities in diabetic individuals. Proteolytic activity was measured by the amount of amino group released
by the erythrocyte lysate of the diabetic individual using phenylhydrazine
treated hemoglobin as substrate. The proteolytic activity in erythrocyte
lysates against oxidatively damaged hemoglobin was significantly increased
in diabetic individuals compared to controls (p<0.001).The result
of this study indicates that in diabetic individuals, proteolytic enzymes degrade many oxidatively
altered proteins preventing the accumulation of altered and damaged
proteins in the cell.
Key Words:
Oxidative stress; Proteolytic activity; Diabetes mellitus |
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This Article |
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2010;4-14
Short Report |
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Alagesan J, Shetty A.
Effect of Modified Suit Therapy
in Spastic Diplegic Cerebral Palsy - A Single Blinded Randomized Controlled
Trial. |
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Abstract: Background
& Objective: Development
of gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy has been a primary
goal of physical therapists for decades. Suit therapy has been proposed
as an adjunct to conventional physiotherapy to treat the impairments
associated with cerebral palsy. Providing an orthosis along with the
conventional therapy improves the motor performance of the child. Hence,
this study aimed to determine the effect of modified suit therapy in
gross motor function of spastic diplegic children. Method: A simple random
sample of 30 spastic diplegic subjects in age group of 4-12 years fulfilling
inclusion criteria from Mobility India, Bangalore was included. The
outcome was evaluated using Gross Motor Function Measure-88 scale before
and after the intervention. Suit therapy along with the conventional
therapy is given for 2hrs daily for duration of 3 weeks. Results
& Conclusion: Wilcoxon signed
rank test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to find the significance
of improvement before and after the intervention. There was statistically
significant difference between the experimental and control groups (P=0.030).
It is concluded that modified suit therapy along with conventional physiotherapy
is effective in improving the gross motor function of children with
spastic diplegic cerebral palsy.
Key words: Cerebral palsy; Spastic diplegia; Modified Suit therapy |
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This Article |
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2010;4-15
Short Report |
Omalu ICJ, Eze GC, Olayemi IK, Gbesi S, Adeniran LA,
Ayanwale AV, Mohammed AZ, Chukwuemeka V.
Contamination of Sachet Water in Nigeria: Assessment and Health Impact. |
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Abstract: Adequate supply of fresh
and clean drinking water is a basic need for all human beings. Water
consumers are frequently unaware of the potential health risks associated
with exposure to water borne contaminants which have often led to diseases
like diarrhoea, cholera, dysentery, typhoid fever, legionnaire’s disease
and parasitic diseases. The inadequacy of pipe borne water-supply in
Nigeria is a growing problem; as a result people resort to buying water
from vendors, and sachet or bottled water became a major source of drinking
water. Although, portable and affordable, the problems of its purity
and other health concerns have begun to manifest. Sachet water have
been reported to contain bacteria such as Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas
sp., Klebsiella sp., Streptococcus sp.,
and oocysts of Cryptosporidia sp.
Apart from environmental contaminants, improper storage and handling
by vendors also poses a serious threat to the health of the ignorant
consumers. This paper tends to review the quality of these ‘pure water’;
its physical examination, microbial assessments, its impacts on health,
and the various strategies adopted by the concerned authorities to regulate
this thriving industry.
Key words: Pipe borne water; Vendors; Contaminants; Pure water |
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This Article |
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2010;4-16
Case Report |
Shetty PK, Balaiah K, Nayak G, Shetty PK.
Thymoma
with Myasthenia Gravis in Adolescent. |
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Abstract: Thymomas are
exceedingly rare in the first 20 years of life, Thymic lesions comprise
approximately 2–3% of all pediatric mediastinal tumors and include
thymic cysts, hyperplasia, carcinoma, and thymomas. Fewer than 30 cases
in children have been described in the literature. Thymomas in adults
are commonly associated with other diseases, the most frequent being
myasthenia gravis. However, this association has been rarely reported
in childhood. These tumors are typically aggressive, with poor
outcomes. We report a case of thymoma associated with myasthenia gravis
in a 16-year-old girl and review the literature.
Key words: Mediastinal
mass; Thymoma; Myasthenia Gravis |
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This Article |
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2010;4-17
Case Report |
Narang GS, Arora S, Pahwa JS.
Combined Factor VII and X Deficiency. |
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Abstract: Factor VII deficiency and factor
X deficiency and very rare disorders individually. Combined Factor VII
and X is a rare congenital blood disorder with very few cases reported
in the literature. We report a case of 7 years old male child who presented
to us as a diagnosed case of factor 7 deficiency with recurrent epistaxis.
Key words: Combined factor VII and X deficiency |
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This Article |
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2010;4-18
Case Report |
Vidya MN, Shivakumar S, Biswas S, Vijay Shankar S.
Olfactory Neuroblastoma: Diagnostic Difficulty. |
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Abstract: Olfactory neuroblastoma is an uncommon malignant tumor of sinonasal
tract arising from the olfactory neuro epithelium. The olfactory neuroblastomas
presenting with divergent histomorphologies like, epithelial appearance
of cells, lacking a neuro fibrillary background and absence of rosettes
are difficult to diagnose. Such cases require immunohistochemistry
to establish the diagnosis. We describe the clinical features, pathological
and immunohistochemical findings of grade IV Olfactory neuroblastoma
in a 57 year old man.
Key words: Olfactory neuroblastoma; Nasal cavity; Immunohistochemistry |
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This Article |
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2010;4-19
Case Report |
Shetty PK, Balaiah K, Gnana Prakash S, Shetty PK.
Ganglioneuroma Always A Histopathological Diagnosis. |
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Abstract: Neuroblastoma,
ganglioneuroblastoma and ganglioneuroma arise from sympathetic tissue
in the neck, posterior mediastinum, adrenal gland, retroperitoneum and
pelvis Ganglioneuromas are commonly seen in childhood.
They are highly differentiated benign tumors and are compatible with
long-term disease free survival. Retroperitoneal localization is relatively
frequent for these tumors. Due to its rarity and lack of specific radiological
findings diagnosis is always postoperative. Here, we
present a case of Retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma which was undiagnosed
before surgery.
Key words: Ganglioneuroma; Retroperitoneum; Computed Tomography |
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This Article |
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2010;4-20
Case Report |
Siddappa S, Kowsalya R, Mythri KM, Venkatesh GK, Bhat G.
Inflammatory Pseudo Tumour of Prostate. |
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Abstract: A 60 year old man presented with history
of overflow incontinence, requiring catherization. Digital rectal examination
revealed non tender grade II prostatomegaly. Patient underwent transurethral
resection of prostate and specimen was sent for histopathological examination.
The specimen revealed spindle cell proliferation interspersed with chronic
inflammation. Immunohistochemical staining was positive for smooth muscle
actin and desmin. A final diagnosis of inflammatory pseudotumour of
prostate was made. The patient was later discharged and advised for
regular follow up. Inflammatory pseudotumour is very rare condition
of prostate. They usually follow benign course and does not require
radical surgical treatment. So a definitive diagnosis is essential to
prevent unnecessary radical procedures.
Key words: Benign; Histopathology;
Prostate; Pseudotumour; Spindle cell |
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This Article |
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2010;4-21
Case Report |
Narang GS, Pahwa JS.
Cortisol Secreting Adrenal Adenoma in a 5 Year Old Child. |
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Abstract: Adrenal adenoma
is a rare endocrinal tumor in children. It can present with features
of Cushing's syndrome. We present a case report of five years old female
child who came with morbid obesity and hypertension. The patient manifested
polyphagia, weight gain, and changes in sleep patterns. During physical
examination we found a full-moon face, bulkiness in the cervico-dorsal
(buffalo-hump) region, high blood pressure.
Key words: Adrenal
adenoma; Cushing's syndrome; Hypercortisolism |
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This Article |
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2010;4-22
Case Report |
Gupta N, Varshney S, Bist SS, Bhagat S.
Craniopharyngioma - Transnasal Endoscopic Approach. |
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Abstract: Craniopharyngiomas
are slow growing tumours arising from remnants of the craniopharyngeal
duct and occupy the sellar region. The patients may remain asymptomatic
for long duration or present with headache or visual disturbances. Surgery
is the mainstay of the treatment. Traditionally these tumours have been
removed by neurosurgeons through the cranial approach but the advent
of nasal endoscopes has opened new avenues for ENT surgeons to treat
such patients. We hereby present a case of craniopharyngioma who was
successfully treated by Trans-nasal Hypophysectomy.
Key words: Craniopharyngioma;
Trans-nasal Hypophysectomy |
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This Article |
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2010;4-23
Case Report |
Reddy PS, Naag A, Kashyap B.
Intramuscular (infiltrating)
Lipoma. |
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Abstract: Intraoral lipomas
are benign and relatively rare tumors, although they occur with higher
frequencies in other areas, most especially the back, abdomen and shoulders
of adults. They have no gender predilection and predominantly affect
the buccal mucosa. This paper describes a case of intramuscular (infiltrating)
lipoma on the buccal mucosa of a 60-year old male which is relatively
rare when compared to simple lipoma of buccal mucosa, and review pertinent
literature.
Key words: Lipoma; Benign;
Intramuscular; Infiltrating |
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This Article |
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2010;4-24
Case Report |
Bhattacharya S, Mistri PK.
Twin Pregnancy
in a woman with uterus didelphys. |
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Abstract: Uterus didelphys is one
of the congenital uterine anomalies due to defective medial fusion of
mullerian ducts. This anomaly is known to have poor reproductive outcome
and women with this condition often have to be treated for infertility.
Multiple gestation is rare with this condition. An 18 years old primigravida
presenting with threatened abortion at eight weeks, was found to have
uterus didelphys. She was managed conservatively, aborted one of the
fetuses at 16weeks of gestation, and went till term to deliver a healthy
baby by cesarean section.
Key words: Uterus didelphys; Congenital
uterine anomaly; Twin pregnancy |
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This Article |
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2010;4-25
Case Report |
Amita K, Padmini J.
Squamous
Cell Carcinoma of Endometrium with Extensive Icthyosis Uteri. |
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Abstract: We report a rare case of squamous cell carcinoma
of endometrium arising in icthyosis uteri in a 60 years old lady presenting with vaginal bleeding.
Key words: Squamous cell carcinoma; Endometrium; Icthyosis uteri; Vaginal bleeding |
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This Article |
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2010;4-26
Case Report |
Shetty PK, Balaiah K, Bafna UD, Gnana
Prakash S.
Primary Fallopian
Tube Carcinoma. |
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Abstract: Primary Fallopian
Tube Carcinoma (PFTC) is rare and accounts for about 0.3% of all gynecologic
cancers. Less than 1500 cases have been reported in the literature. It arises in postmenopausal women and typically presents with
abdominal pelvic pain, vaginal bleeding and watery discharge. However, a correct diagnosis is rarely achieved preoperative,
and in many cases, the diagnosis is made after incidental surgery for
unrelated conditions commonly being ovarian carcinoma . Compared with
ovarian carcinoma, PFTC more often presents at early stages, but it
has a worse prognosis. PFTC is usually managed in the same manner as
ovarian cancer. We report a case of Left PFTC that presented
as Left ovarian mass, and we briefly review the literature.
Key words: Primary fallopian
tube carcinoma; Ovary; CA 125 |
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This Article |
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2010;4-27
Case Report |
Vijay Shankar S, Shivakumar S, Thejaswini MU, Abhishek MG.
Multiple Choriangiomas of Placenta. |
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Abstract: Placental
chorangiomas, not an uncommon condition is often small and hence
usually goes unnoticed . However the incidence of complications is high
when the chorangioma is large. We hereby present an unusual case of
large and multiple choriangiomas with secondary changes and associated
congenital anomalies with hydrops fetalis.
Key words: Chorangiomas; Hydrops; Degenerative changes |
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This Article |
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2010;4-28
Case Report |
Dal
AI, Patel H.
Berardinelli-Seip
Syndrome. |
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Abstract: We have reported two cases of Berardinelli-syndrome in a family which
is a rare
autosomal recessive disorder of the adipose tissue, originally described
by Berardinelli and Seip, has been reported in approximately 120 patients
of various ethnic origins. Assuming that only 1 in 4 patients is
reported.Patients present with acanthosis
nigricans (dark velvety pigmentation of the skin) in the
axilla, neck or groin, severe insulin resistance, high levels of serum
insulin and serum triglycerides.The other clinical features consist
of enlarged hands, feet and prominent mandible (acromegaloid features),
increased sweating, umbilical hernia and
lytic lesions (bone appear to be eaten-up on X-rays) in long bones of
the upper and lower extremities (arms, forearm, hands, thigh, calf,
legs and feet) such as humerus, femur, etc.
Hepatomegaly from fatty liver is almost universal and may ultimately
lead to cirrhosis. Splenomegaly is common. Nearly all patients have
a prominent umbilicus or frank umbilical hernia. Females present with
enlarged clitoris, increased body hair, absence of or irregular menstrual
cycles, and polycystic ovaries (enlarged ovaries). Only a few affected
women have had successful pregnancies, whereas affected men have normal
fertility.
Key words: Berardinelli-Siep syndrome; Lipodystrophy |
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This Article |
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2010;4-29
Case Report |
Praveen Kumar B, Sudhakar S, Prabhat MPV.
Congenital
Insensitivity to Pain. |
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Abstract: Congenital
Insensitivity to Pain belongs to the family of Hereditary Sensory and
Autonomic Neuropathies (HSAN). It is a rare disorder of unknown etiology
associated with loss of pain sensation. Cognition and sensation is otherwise normal and there is no
detectable physical abnormality. We report a case of Congenital Insensitivity
to Pain in a 3 year old female child.
Key words: Congenital; Pain; Insensitivity; Nerve; HSAN |
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This Article |
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2010;4-30
Case Report |
Nikumbh DB, Jagtap SV, Kanitkar SR, Jain G, Bohra A.
Metaplastic Carcinoma of the Left Breast with Extensive
Chondroid Differentiation. |
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Abstract: Metaplastic breast carcinoma is
very rare neoplasm which contains mixture of carcinomatous
(epithelial) and sarcomatous (mesenchymal) elements in variable
proportion. Metaplastic carcinoma with chondroid differentiation
is even rarer. We report a case of metaplastic carcinoma
with extensive chondroid differentiation as there is paucity
of information regarding pathological features and clinical outcomes
for these rare tumors. Tumor had characteristic definite areas
of classic infiltrating duct carcinoma with abundant chondromyxoid
matrix, focal areas of chondrosarcoma and cartilagenous
metaplasia. Tumour cells were immunoreactive for S-100, ER, and
PR. When pathologist encounter breast tumor with chondroid differentiation,
careful gross sampling, histopathology and immunoreactivity for mesenchymal and epithelial component are most useful
to differentiate metaplastic carcinoma from malignant phylloides
tumors and malignant adenomyoepithelioma.
Key words: Metaplastic
carcinoma; Chondroid differentiation |
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This Article |
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2010;4-31
Case Report |
Salati SA, Rather AA, Lone NA, Rashid A.
Appendicocecal Fistula
– A Rare Complication of Appendicitis. |
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Abstract: Fistulisation of appendix
to other organs or to the exterior through abdominal wall is a rare
complication of appendicitis. We present one such rare case of appendicocecal
fistula due to appendicitis in a patient initially managed conservatively
for appendicular lump.
Key words: Appendicitis; Fistulae; Complication |
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